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PK AS 7J
| Other press marks: | K 10 |
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Provenience |
| Main find spot: | Duldur-Akhur |
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| Expedition code: | 496 |
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| Collection: | Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris) |
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Language and Script |
| Language: | TB |
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| Linguistic stage: | Classical |
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| Add. linguistic characteristics: | With archaic and late forms |
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| Script: | Classical |
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Text contents |
| Title of the work: | Karmavibhaṅga |
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| Parallel texts: | Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 65-66, 68-70 (Lévi 1932: 87-89, 91-94, 144-146) |
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| Manuscript: | Karmavibhaṅga β |
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| Text genre: | Literary |
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| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
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| Verse/Prose: | Verse |
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Object |
| Material: | Ink on paper |
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| Form: | Poṭhī |
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| Size (w x h): | 37,5 x 8,2 cm |
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| Leaf number: | 40 |
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| Number of lines: | 6 |
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| Line distance: | 1,3 cm |
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| Remarks: | The fragment PK AS 7I immediately precedes this one. |
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Transliteration
| a1 | ṣṣaṃ wrotsana tanmastra yña(·)t(··) : ramer [n]o ṣpa (··)[lp](·)tra sa(·)sārmen nervāṃ yänmāṣṣaṃ : toṃ parkāwnta śak maskentra cpī kuse śka-maiyyantse : pūdñäktentse pta(– – – – – – –) |
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| a2 | ṣaṃ yarke 18 śak parkāwänta wässi aiṣṣeñca ka[lpā]ṣṣaṃ wnolme : takarṣkaññe erṣeñca masketra kartse lkātsine : takalñene ṣpa wlaiśke yetse (– – – – – – – –) |
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| a3 | yetse [taṅwa]ññe wnolmentse ṣek\ ○ cpī masketra 19 mā cpī taura mā tweye kektseñäśc[\] ma wa= tswetar nta : wässanma ṣpa artkye maskentar-ne (– – – – – – –) |
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| a4 | ṣpa maske(·)ra po-y(··)e(··) krenta wä○ssanma : yase kwīpesa ṣek masketar su kekenu wnolme 20 l[ā]re ṣek cäñcre lkātsi masketra wrotse ekñiñ(·)e : (– – – – – – –) |
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| a5 | rame[r] kk(·) nervāṃ [yän]māṣṣaṃ : toṃ te-yknesa parkāwnta wrotsana y[ä]nmāṣṣaṃ wnolme : kuse alyekepi wassi aiṣṣeñca cmelane tākaṃ 21 || || niṣkramā(– – – – – – – – –) |
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| a6 | yärpontaṣṣeṃ klautkeṃ anaiśai : yarpo kwälypelle ke[t](··)(– –)me-palsko klyauṣtsi cpy aikne te : śak parkāwänta maskentra cpy onolmentse lwāke kuse aiṣṣaṃ : [ś·] – – – – (– – – –) |
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| b1 | ṅkantse wat\ da[kṣ](·)ṇākeṃts wat\• : lwāke tatāk[au ma](– – ·)u cm(·)lane kreṃt pelaiknentse : ṣmare mallarṣke masketar-ne palsko ṣpa wlaiśke [p]autarṣke : (– – – – – – – – – –) |
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| b2 | w yoko k[r]ā[sa]s̝[s̝]aṃ ṣek\ : tākaṃ yokaitse krui pākri masketar-ne yoktsi enepre 2 pretenne mā su tanmastra cpī yāmorntse okosa krenta : lwāksa bhā(– – – – – – – – –) |
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| b3 | tūsa cmelane : (–)ktanīke○ntsa snai meṅkī maskentar ṣpa wrotse ekñiññe : yñakteṃ tanmastra ramer ṣpa saṃsārmeṃ pest\ lnaṣṣaṃ tsa[lp](– – – – – – – – –) |
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| b4 | rkāwä[nta cpī] rano nano[k] śak maskeṃtra : ○ śaul parkreṃ yänmāṣṣaṃ erene kartse ṣpa ṣek-ṣek masketra (–) [skwa]s[su] masketra we[ñe]nta spantaitse ṣpa prati(– – – – – –) |
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| b5 | ññetse kor(·)otra katkemane ponta wertsyanne 4 lā(·)e [ma]sketar ṣpa māka onolmeṃts ṣek wrotse ek[ñ]iññ[e] : yñakteṃ tanmastra rame[r ṣpa] saṃsārmeṃ pe(– – – – – – –) |
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| b6 | śak parkāw(··)a yänmāṣṣaṃ onolme sū kuse [św]āt(·)i [ai]ṣṣaṃ : ñäkcye nervāṃṣe ṣpa sak warpatsy āñme ket sū [ś]w(·)tsi āyi 5 śa[k pa]rkāwänta pannākan[t]a (– – – – – – – –) |
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Transcription
Translation
| a1 | (He obtains) great (possessions) [and] is reborn among the gods, [18a] and he is quickly redeemed from the saṃsāra [and] he reaches the nirvāṇa. [18b] These [preceding ones] are the ten advantages of the one who (through donation of a bell) [18c] to the stūpa of the one provided with ten forces, of the Buddha lord |
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| a2 | pays homage. [18d] The being that gives cloth [also] obtains ten advantages. [19a] Evoking gracefulness, he becomes good to look at, [19b] and [his] skin (is) soft in touching (in the rebirths). [19c] |
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| a3 | The skin of this being is always smooth [and] lovely. [19d] No dust nor ashes does ever stick to [his] body, [20a] and clothes (and carpets) come to him in abundance, [20b] |
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| a4 | and he becomes (the obtainer) of nice clothes of every kind. [20c] This being is always provided with shame [and] decency. [20d] He is always lovely [and] charming to look at, [and] provided with great possession. [21a] (This one is reborn among the gods), |
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| a5 | very quickly he reaches the nirvāṇa. [21b] Such [are] the great advantages [that] the being obtains [21c] who will be the giver of cloth to another one in his births. [21d] In the [tune] Niṣkramānta. (Now I will tell) |
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| a6 | carefully the effects of (further) meritorious deeds. [1a] The one who (would have) a desire for merit, his duty is to listen to this [following] attentively [lit. with unified mind]: [1b] ten advantages come [also] to this being who gives a pot, [1c] ... |
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| b1 | to the saṃgha or to worthy ones. [1d] This one will become a pot of the good Law in the rebirths, [2a] and he his mind is fine, smooth, soft, and appealing. [2b] (And never in his rebirths severe) |
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| b2 | thirst vexes this one. [2c] If he gets thirsty, drink appears before him. [2d] He is not reborn among the ghosts through the good fruit of this deed. [3a] So (he has no shortage) of pots and recip(ients) |
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| b3 | in the rebirths, [3b] and he has no shortage of servants [and he has] great possession. [3c] He is reborn among the gods and quickly he definitely leaves the saṃsāra [and] is redeemed. [3d] (The one who gives food,) |
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| b4 | to this one also ten advantages come again. [4a] He obtains long life and always indeed he becomes good in appearance, [4b] he becomes happy and a self-confident speaker, (a maker) of decisions, [4c] full of (confid)ence |
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| b5 | and being joyful he enters [lit. descends] in all assemblies. [4d] And he is always dear to many beings, he has great possession, [5a] he his reborn among the gods and quickly he definitely (leaves) the saṃsāra [and] (is redeemed). [5b] (These) [are] |
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| b6 | the ten advantages [that] this being obtains who gives food. [5c] The one who has the wish to receive the happiness of the divine [world] and of the nirvāṇa, he should give food. [5d] Ten advantages (again come to the one who gives) shoes. [6a] |
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Philological commentary
The meter is 4 x 15 (7/8 or 8/7) in the first part until line a5; then it changes to 4 x 17 (5/7/5 or 6/6/5).
a1. The second colon of pāda 18c has one syllable too few. In order to recover it, one may read the late variant śika-maiyya of the adjective śka-maiyya ‘having ten powers’ known otherwise from eastern TB documents (cf. Peyrot 2008: 57). This again confirms the assumption that the scribe of this manuscript spoke a progressive variant of the language.
a3. The reading artkye as per Sieg 1938: 45 is certain. Therefore, the first colon lacks one syllable, which can be recovered by reading the expected prose form artkiye. It seems likely that this word corresponds to Skt. prabhūta- ‘abundant’. Since the Sanskrit text afterwards mentions Skt. āstaraṇa- ‘carpet, rug, bed cloth, blanket’ in addition to vastra- ‘clothes’, one may restore in the lacuna the corresponding TB word raktsi, in the plural räktsanma, maybe plus ṣpä.
a4. Pāda 20d seems to have a wrong segmentation 6/9 instead of 7/8. Unless one accepts this deviation, one may read ṣekä at the end of the first colon (as in b2) and mäsketär at the beginning of the next.
a6. The Sanskrit original does not help in restoring the seven syllables of the lacuna. One may, however, surmise that it contained nouns referring to other receivers of this gift. In addition, one may expect a mention of the complete saṃgha in contrast to individual monks.
b1. The last colon of pāda 2c has one syllable too few, but it is easy to get the required number by reading the archaic form ṣekä, i.e. without virāma. Cf. metrically correct 〈krenta〉 at the end of pāda 3a.
b3. Pace Sieg 1938: 47 it is not necessary to correct the plural verb in the clause snai meṅkī mäskentär into singular snai meṅkī mäsketär, because one may have an agreement ad sensum with the plural noun referring to ‘servants’ or the plural is triggered by the existence of another, following subject.
Linguistic commentary
In general, again also in this fragment of the manuscript we have archaic beside late forms: wässi (a2 but later standard wassi in a5), ma (a3), pest (b3, b5), kärtse (b4); final -ä can be preserved in colon-final position.
References
Lévi 1933: 95-96,105-106; Sieg 1938: 44-48; Couvreur 1949b: 75-78
Editors
Georges-Jean Pinault (in collaboration with Melanie Malzahn and Michaël Peyrot)
Bibliography
Couvreur 1949b
Couvreur, Walter, 1949b: "De Tochaarse Karmavibhaṅga en de Baraboedoer", Handelingen van het Achttiende Vlaamse Filologencongres, Gent, 19-21 April 1949, 74-80.
Lévi 1932
Lévi, Sylvain, 1932: Mahākarmavibhaṅga (La grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le Mahā Karmavibhaṅga), Paris: Ernest Leroux.
Lévi 1933
Lévi, Sylvain, 1933: Fragments de textes koutchéens. Udānavarga, Udānastotra, Udānālaṁkāra et Karmavibhaṅga, publiés et traduits avec un vocabulaire et une introduction sur le «tokharien» par M. Sylvain Lévi, Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
Peyrot 2008
Peyrot, Michaël, 2008: Variation and change in Tocharian B, Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi (Leiden Studies in Indo-European 15).
Sieg 1938
Sieg, Emil, 1938: "Die Kutschischen Karmavibhaṅga-Texte der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris", KZ 65, 1-54.
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