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THT 25
| Other press marks: | B 25 |
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Provenience |
| Main find spot: | Šorčuq |
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| Expedition code: | T III Š 92.53+Frgm |
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| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
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Language and Script |
| Language: | TB |
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| Linguistic stage: | Classical |
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| Script: | Classical |
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Text contents |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
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| Passage: | Book 10 (Śraddhāvarga), strophes 58-66. |
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| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra B |
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| Text genre: | Literary |
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| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
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| Verse/Prose: | Verse |
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Object |
| Material: | Ink on paper |
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| Form: | Poṭhī |
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| Number of lines: | 8 |
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| Remarks: | The original manuscript is missing, but consisted of a part of the left side (the beginning - about 1-3 syllables - being lost) as well as a remnant of the right side, in turn composed of five smaller fragments, and still very incomplete. The right margin was also missing. |
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Image
Images loaded from idp.bbaw.de through idp.bl.uk by courtesy of IDP Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// wa 57 ātp· t[e] lyāma arhante /// /// m\ oskai ākṣa śnoyä\ saswantso po − − − (:) − − [ka]ccāre śan= ompostaṃ /// |
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| a2 | /// : ṣesa saswampa cauk\ cmelne sū [b]r· /// /// [a]kek\ postaṃ sruka ot ra [sa] − − − − − rsa tallāu 58 nraine te[m·] /// |
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| a3 | /// mpelona laklenta : ñumka ṣe [s]olme kalpa /// /// [r·e : ] mā cwi yāmarntse oko ā − − − − ( : lwā)[sa] pretsṃne yśāmna /// |
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| a4 | [ka]lloyeṃ : nemcek\ pos[taṃ] /// /// yentar\ matsts[o]r[s]= o − − − − − ke ṣ pos[ta]ñ(ñ)e /// |
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| a5 | /// [w]ärpānte : arāme yā /// /// temtsate śa ly[i] p : sāu [po] /// |
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| a6 | /// ntse parmaṅk ṣaine : yāmṣat= aiśai tāu tallontsai taṅ ·· /// /// [tr·] kamāte masa tāwäś\ śmān= enepre : palska sāu [k]ly[i] /// |
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| a7 | /// yamaṣle ñi ce preke : tam tot\ śwātsi starñä\ kauṃ [ś·] /// /// c[e]sa śāyau ñiś\ yekte perne : mā nw ayune makte yaṃ /// |
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| a8 | /// aikre wrotse rṣāke pal··[··o]ntsate 61 [·ainm]e /// /// kāne śaul ñi l[ā]re past rinaṣle : tam\ parma(ṅk)\ |
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| b1 | /// mpa ṣp āyu āyor\ cwi[m] ñk[e] : sasuśkañ(ä)\ (s)[ru]kār[e] /// /// [ts]ts· rsa k[e] − − − [ā]yu āyor\ − − − [ś]ya /// |
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| b2 | /// sa pintwāt\ cwi wñāneś\ mahākāśyape : pr[ī]tar\ /// /// neś\ klīye sāu − − − [p· tso pudñä] /// |
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| b3 | /// yāmṣa yarke takarṣkñesa : cwi mā tāka cek\ cme /// /// pintwāt\ wñāne(ś\) kāśyape [w· t·] tr· t· sa kwri /// |
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| b4 | /// [k·]lko ce cmel[ṣ]= oko sā[u] /// /// śi e[n]te kaunt[s]a − − − − s[no] y·ausa ṣeyo /// |
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| b5 | /// [ma]ntse skiyo sāu /// /// anaiśai 6[4] kus(e) − − − [ka]nma rupa[ṣ]ṣana /// |
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| b6 | /// [ṣ]meñcantse śana ṣai tswaiññe ka sruk(au)sa [ : ] s[ū] l[y·] /// /// [s̝]p\ [śa]no tāu [y· ·ṣ·] te : au − − − − − − [e]kalymi yamaṣa : [t·] /// |
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| b7 | /// s[ta]ntse cek\ cmeln= oko āyorntse sāu /// /// pl[ā]cä\ klyauṣāre b(ār)ā[ṇa]s ri[ṣṣi] − − − − − auntsante weṃtsy eṅk[au]car\ toṃ re /// |
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| b8 | /// yor\ − [l(·)e] ·esaṃ āyorntse o /// /// n[ai] pudñäktentse cai ak[ṣ]ā[r]e [ : ] − [ñ]entai − − − − − − ślok ce wertsiyaine /// |
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Transcription
Translation
| a1 | ... [57d] These two the Arhat seated (on his knees, then led those) home and reported the whole (matter?) concerning the sons to the woman. (The sons) were pleased. The woman |
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| a2 | [however] (died of starvation) after that together with the sons. In this birth already the Brahman .... Eventually he died then as well, distressed (by the starving) of [his] sons. [58d] In hell he was [re]born (and |
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| a3 | saw) terrible sufferings. All in all [for] ninety-one Kalpas .... The fruit of this deed should not end (in all births). Among the animals, among the hungry ghosts, among humans (and among the gods) they might |
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| a4 | achieve (birth), [but] surely afterwards .... they should (die) of starvation. [59d] And even now ..... they |
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| a5 | felt. The deed did (not?) stop for them .... (Among humans) the woman was [re]born, (again) [being] very (poor). [But] on the (Omniscient, the Buddha) was her |
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| a6 | hope [set]. At that time caring for the miserable with a loving (heart) was (Mahākāśyapa) [60d] He took [his] (alms bowl), went to her [and] stood before her. The woman thought: (What) is |
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| a7 | to be done by me at this time? Yon is so much food for me (to live) [for] a day. .... off this (food) I live in [my] low status. But what, if to him I do not |
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| a8 | give? Shall the great sage go (off) empty[handed]? [Thus] she began to ponder. [61d] ..... (All doubt) faded [in] her: I must yield my dear life. That (was my) hope ... |
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| b1 | .... and that I will now give to that one as a gift. [My] little sons died ... of starvation; to the good(?) (Ma |
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| b2 | hākā)śyapa I will give (this) as a gift. [62d] She gave the alms to him [and] Mahākāśyapa spoke to her: Choose [for] yourself (a wish) ... To him the woman spoke: Give (to me) |
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| b3 | the Buddha (to see). (To see the Buddha) she did him reverence in [her] belief. Not yet (in) this birth was hers (the fruit, [but] also in the other [birth], among the gods, she gave) alms (to the Kāśyapa). [63d] To her spoke Kāśyapa a second and a third time: When .... |
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| b4 | the wish as a fruit of this birth she ... when by the sun .... as often, however, as she had been lenient ... |
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| b5 | her (like?) the shadow of a tree ... carefully. [64d] Which one .... the flaws of the shape .... |
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| b6 | The wife of a (house) keeper had just died. He saw ... this one he made his wife ... (she?) did [his] bidding ... |
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| b7 | (suffering(?)) of hunger, [already] in this birth, as a fruit of the gift, she ... [65d] (Such a) conversation (of the monks) The inhabitants of the town of Benares heard. (Therefore) they began openly to speak such words: (Why) the |
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| b8 | giving of gifts? Is there (here) a fruit of the gift? (In the community assembly) they presented [it] to the Buddha. Referring [to it, the Omniscient, the Buddha, spoke) these strophe before the assembly .... [66d] |
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Philological commentary
Includes strophes 58-66 of the Śraddhāvarga (X) in a 4x13+21 syllable-metre (rhythm = 5/8 and 8/8/5). The many gaps render a translation that is based on supplementation to a large extent extremely problematic, particularly in places where there are no parallels. To clarify the situation in a5ff, however, one may refer to the tale of Mahākāśyapa and the goddess, which is transmitted in the commentary to Dhp 118; cf. Burlingame 1921, II: 265ff.: a pious woman gave alms of rice to the Mahākāśyapa, but that same day was bitten by a venomous snake and died. As a reward for her meritorious deed she is immediately reborn as a goddess, and even as a goddess continues her meritorious work by caring for Mahākāśyapa. But when the latter realises that he is being taken attended to by a goddess, he prohibits her from doing so a second and a third time. The goddess refuses to be sent away. But the Buddha, who is staying in Jetavana, appears before the goddess and explains to her that Mahākāśyapa was only doing what is right by refusing her service. While the narrative frame in our text is different, the goddess’ continuous attendance to Mahākāśyapa appears to be a central feature of the tale here too, even though the text is very much fragmented and obscure, especially in lines b4-b5.
References
IDP: THT 25, TITUS: THT 25
Edition: TochSprR(B) I: I,
Complete translation: TochSprR(B) I: II,
Translation: a1 Carling 2000: 151, Thomas 1983: 10; a1-b3 Thomas 1957: 117; a2 Carling 2000: 142, 330, Thomas 1960a: 199; a4 Schmidt KT 1974: 46 n.1, Thomas 1960a: 199; a5 Thomas 1997: 98, TochSprR(B)2: 187; a6 Carling 2000: 357, Krause, WTG: 206, Schmidt KT 1974: 465; a7 Krause, WTG: 204, Krause, WTG: 62, TochSprR(B)2: 187; a8 Thomas 1952: 22; b1 Schmidt KT 1974: 46 n.1, Thomas 1960a: 199, Thomas 1979b: 58; b1-2 Hackstein 1995: 252; b3 Thomas 1957: 193, TochSprR(B)2: 188; b6 Carling 2000: 405, Schmidt KT 1974: 429, Thomas 1957: 298; b7 Thomas 1954: 718; b8 TochSprR(B)2: 188
Bibliography
Burlingame 1921
Burlingame, Eugene Watson, 1921: Buddhist Legends. Translated from the original Pali text of the Dhammapada Commentary, 3 vols, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (The Harvard Oriental Studies 28-30. Vol. I: Introduction; Synopses; Translation of Books 1 and 2 (The Harvard Oriental Studies 28); Vol. II: Translation of Books 3 to 12. (The Harvard Oriental Studies 29); Vol. III: Translation of Books 13 to 26 (The Harvard Oriental Studies 30)).
Carling 2000
Carling, Gerd, 2000: Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen, Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein 1995
Hackstein, Olav, 1995: Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (HS Erg.-Heft 38).
Krause, WTG
Wolfgang Krause, Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum, Heidelberg: Winter 1952.
Schmidt KT 1974
Schmidt, Klaus T., 1974: Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen, Univ. Göttingen.
Thomas 1952
Thomas, Werner, 1952: Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag (Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9).
Thomas 1954
Thomas, Werner, 1954: "Die Infinitive im Tocharischen", Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 701-764.
Thomas 1957
Thomas, Werner, 1957: Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas 1960a
Thomas, Werner, 1960a: "Zur Verwendung des tocharischen Verbalsubstantivs auf -r im Perlativ, Indogermanica. Festschrift für Wolfgang Krause, Heidelberg: Winter, 194-203.
Thomas 1979b
Thomas, Werner, 1979b: Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne 'hier' und B ñake/ñke 'jetzt', Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur (Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1979, 15).
Thomas 1983
Thomas, Werner, 1983: Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung, Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur (Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1983, 6).
Thomas 1997
Thomas, Werner, 1997: Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po 'ganz, all, jeder', Stuttgart: Steiner (SbWGF XXXV, 3).
THT
Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien. TITUS. Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection. Transcriptions prepared by Christiane Schaefer, transliterations by Tatsushi Tamai and transliterations by Katharina Kupfer. Edited by Jost Gippert, Katharina Kupfer, and Tatsushi Tamai, Frankfurt am Main, 2000-2007; at:
http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm
TochSprR(B) I
Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, hg. v. E. Sieg und †W. Siegling, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1949.
TochSprR(B)2
Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung, hg. v. †Emil Sieg und †Wilhelm Siegling, neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1983.
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