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THT 31
| Other press marks: | B 31 |
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Provenience |
| Main find spot: | Šorčuq |
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| Expedition code: | T III Š 87.2 |
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| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
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Language and Script |
| Language: | TB |
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| Linguistic stage: | Classical |
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| Script: | Classical |
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Text contents |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
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| Passage: | Book 13 (Satkāravarga), part 1, strophes 36-46. |
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| Parallel texts: | Uv 13.12-13.14 |
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| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra B |
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| Text genre: | Literary |
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| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
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| Verse/Prose: | Verse |
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Object |
| Material: | Ink on paper |
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| Form: | Poṭhī |
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| Leaf number: | 200 |
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| Number of lines: | 8 |
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| Remarks: | The original manuscript is missing, but was an almost complete leaf, slightly more damaged at the top edge. On the left edge of the verso side the leaf number (200, corrected from 190) could be read. |
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Image
Images loaded from idp.bbaw.de through idp.bl.uk by courtesy of IDP Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | [p·] ·t· − − − − ·ñ·kt· m(e)n[āk\] w(e)[ña] sū /// /// [m]r· ·n· śār\ • alloṅkna ṅk[e] [ś· nta] − |
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| a2 | yyana entwe kka ṅke yamītr aṣpamāt\ • skwassu nesau paplāntau yes\ ta[llā]ñcä\ laklessoñcä\ 36 mant\ sw apās̝s̝atte kalpauca śwātsi yoktsi alanmeṃ ṣañ ka kātsa lkāntar\ • kuse yikne |
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| a3 | ritañä sosoyos̝\ weṃṣyetsai ramt\ kotaisa yarkesa wikṣeñcañä\ : abhijñänta dhyananma eros̝\ eṃṣke ywārco tsalpos̝\ saṃsārmeṃ : ceṃ appamāt\ yāmṣyentar\ śwātsi yoktsi klporsa |
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| a4 | 37 ceu wäntre poyśi lyelykormeṃ weña tarya ślokanma ṣamāññents= ayātoś\ • totkāts\ aiku kwri tākaṃ papāsṣorñentane no anaiśai wawlāwau : aiśaumyi ceu pa |
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| a5 | llāntar\ krento āstreṃ śaul\ śayeñcai wnolme : snai laiwo ṣpane ce tne ṣeme ślok akṣāme 38 wace ślok\ weña pudñäkte krentaṃ lkāṣṣi erkatte cets yarke tsamtsi |
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| a6 | śco : taryā aiśamñe tākoyä\ kwri ṣamāne tne putkowä wikṣeñca yarkesa : srukalñe kauṣeñca snai tsnamñe totkānts aiku te mant\ karsaurmeṃ : appamāt\ yamaskentar\ mā yśe |
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| a7 | ñcañä\ aknātsañä\ 39 trīce ślok\ weña kwri tane śwātsintse śle yoktsintse klpauca tākaṃ wnolme : yolo wäntre ra kwri tākaṃ sū cets\ msketar\ yarkasa toṃ weña ślokanma : te śārsa |
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| a8 | me pudnäkt= ānaiśai mā ranw aiku karsau ñy akalṣle : papāṣṣu ṣek\ wawāwlau alokalymi ynūca 40 tary= aiśamñenta tākaṃ cwi nauṣaññana cmela kuse campn epyacä\ kalatsi : ñäkcye |
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| b1 | pilkw astreṃ erṣtra s̝pa nautas̝s̝aṃ po tsnamñenta toṃ tary= aiśamñenta : eru ka tākaṃ poyśints= ākalṣle traividye ñem\ arhānte msketar • ceṃ ksa yāmtar\ appamāt\ wrocce lupṣtar\ nraisa |
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| b2 | 41 kuse no sū tākaṃ apāṣtte kallaṃ śwātsi alanmeṃ ce compa kca ṣarmtsa : tumeṃ putkos̝aṃ maimañceṃ appamāt\ sū yamastar\ eṃṣk= ārhānteṃ wrocceṃ : kattākeṃ ksa yaṃ lkātsi ṣek\ |
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| b3 | ṣek\ tārkaṃ spelke ṣamāññ= attsaik\ past\ • cwi cai yarke yamaskeṃ sw alyeṅkaṃ mīyäs̝s̝aṃ 42 ce cmelṣe yarke petisa triketar ramt\ aknātsa onwaññe śaul\ paktar\ • |
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| b4 | waike waṣe s̝pa kaskor wat\ wentsi klyinne po wes̝s̝aṃ śwātsintse pernesa : mañiññe ramt\ kattākets\ yāṃs̝aṃ kaṣṣīnts= olypo s̝\ palsko cets\ pās̝tar\ • |
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| b5 | yāmtr alyeṅkaṃ appamāt\ yaṃ postaṃ nraintane 43 ṣeṃ ywārc ostmeṃ ltwes̝\ pudñäkteś\ snaice tallānt ikemeṃ ṣamāni tatākas̝\ • cai ṣamāññentse mai |
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| b6 | yyane aklyilñentse s̝\ pernesa yark= ālaṃmeṃ klpāṣyeṃ : tarkoṣ ārte alloṅkna cmela triwos̝\ attsaik\ kattākeṃmp= eṣe : riṃne kuṣaiṃne ostwane ṣek\ yeyeṃ ceṃ lkatsi |
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| b7 | 44 lkāṣyeṃ mā= ttsaik\ tu ṣamāni wasy ausos̝aṃ saṅghāṭi ṣemi ysaly= erṣyentar\ • tanāpatentsa ostwasa ekñintasa entseño mantañyentar\ ṣemi : kete pkante |
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| b8 | yām[y]eṃ kal(·)au ·e [c]ai cets\ sañi ts[m]e[nta]r\ ar[tsa] (k)auṃ [ : eṃ·ā] /// /// [l]ai[ñ]e (4)[5] ·e − − − − − [lā]ṣ(·)aṃ [a]lyaik kekmos̝\ ñyātse[n]e ·e |
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Transcription
Translation
| a1 | ... [35d] .... the Buddha, he said a parable .... However, other |
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| a2 | powers of (humans) he himself may, after all, decry. “I am happy [and] glad, you [are] miserable ones, unhappy ones”, [36d] thus he [thinks], who has not kept up [moral conduct], as a receiver of food and drink from elsewhere, if they only look after(?) their own belly. Those who, |
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| a3 | longing for the [right] way, are satisfied and like from a cesspit keep away from veneration, who have caused the [higher] enlightenments and the meditations [and] are half released from the Saṃsāra, those they |
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| a4 | decried as a consequence of the acquisition of food and drink. [37d] With regard to such [a] fact the Omniscient spoke three strophes in support of monkhood: If he is known by few, but carefully disciplined in the [moral] conducts, |
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| a5 | the sages praise him as a creature living a good, pure life, without tiredness or sleep. This he proclaimed to them here as a first strophe. [38d] The second strophe the Buddha spoke – he saw the good ones [were] irritated – to aid their veneration: |
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| a6 | If there should be here a monk having the threefold knowledge, [therefore] keeping away, separated, from veneration, shattering death [and] free from [sinful] influences, [still] the ignorant fools decry him, since they know: he |
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| a7 | is known only by few. [39d] The third strophe he spoke: If a creature here should be an acquirer of food and drink, even if it be of bad character, it is [still held] in veneration by them. Such strophes he spoke, |
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| 8a | [and] this the Buddha let them see clearly: Truly, not the famous and the known [is] my pupil. The [moral] conduct he must have kept up, at all times disciplined, going straight after one aim, [40d] [and] the threefold knowledge he must have, [i.e. he must be one], who [his] earlier births |
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| b1 | can remember, causes the divine, clear sight, and makes all [sinful] influences disappear; only if he has caused such threefold knowledge, he is the pupil of the Omniscient, the Arhat called Traividya [“having the threefold knowledge”]. If someone should decry this one, he will be thrown into a great hell. |
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| b2 | [41d] For if the one, who has not kept up [the moral conduct], receives food from elsewhere, [then] he decries the worthy ones, who for this or another reason are excluded from it, all the way [up] to the great Arhats. |
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| b3 | If one goes ever and always to see the great householders, he will needs give up monkish fervour. Him these [householders] venerate, [but] he impairs the other [monk]s. [42d] By the veneration and flattery of this existence the foolish one is literally confused [and] takes life to be im- |
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| b4 | mortal. And if he had to speak lies and deception or excuses, for the sake of food he says anything; he literally does slave service for the householders; but if, more than for the teacher, he cares for these ones’ thinking [and] |
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| b5 | decries the others, he will afterwards go to hell. [43d] They were ones only after half going from the house to the Buddha, that from a poor, miserable condition had become monks. These |
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| b6 | achieved, by the power of monkhood and for the sake of [their] scholarship, veneration from elsewhere, [but] indifferent to the other births, mingling only with householders, always went to the towns, villages and |
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| b7 | houses, to see these. [44d] Monks of this kind did not look at those who had donned the Saṃghāṭī [“the ragged garb of monks”]. Some [of them] caused discord; some showed mean-spiritedness out of envy of the gift-lords, the houses and possessions. These are their enemies, |
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| b8 | the hindrance of whom they must make at the acquisition [of food and drink, thinking]: “They increase [in number] every day” ... malice. [45d] ... is sick, others [are] in distress. |
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Philological commentary
Contains strophes 36-46 of the first part of the Satkāravarga (XIII) in a 21,21,18,13-syllable-metre (rhythm: ab: 8/7/6, c: 9/9 or 4/5/4/5, d: 7/6). Due to damage at the top edge the first recto and last verso lines are mostly lost. Contains translation of Uv 13.12-13.14.
References
IDP: THT 31, TITUS: THT 31
Edition: TochSprR(B) I: I,
Complete translation: TochSprR(B) I: II,
Translation: ; a2 Hackstein 1995: 250, Krause, WTG: 45, Schmidt KT 1974: 325, Thomas 1954: 759, TochSprR(B)2: 198; a2f Carling 2000: 322, Thomas 1957: 291, Thomas 1968: 210; a3 Hackstein 1995: 47, Thomas 1954: 759, Thomas 1960a: 202; a4 Thomas 1957: 167; a5 Thomas 1957: 47, 167, Thomas 1972: 439, Thomas 1979b: 25, Thomas 1986: 139, TochSprR(B)2: 199; a5-6 Hackstein 1995: 137, Thomas 1954: 753; a6 Hackstein 1995: 54, 133, Krause, WTG: 32, Thomas 1970: 268, Thomas 1979b: 30; a6f Schmidt KT 1974: 462f; a7 Thomas 1954: 760, Thomas 1957: 167, Thomas 1968: 198, Thomas 1972: 442, Thomas 1979b: 16, Thomas 1979d: 156; a7f Thomas 1957: 169; a8 TochSprR(B)2: 200; a8f Schmidt KT 1974: 332, Thomas 1970: 272; b1 Carling 2000: 143, Hackstein 1995: 47, Schmidt KT 1974: 212, Thomas 1952: 48, Thomas 1967a: 68; b1=32a4 Carling 2000: 142, Carling 2000: 72; b1=B32a4 Schmidt KT 1974: 463; b2 Carling 2000: 323, TochSprR(B)2: 200; b2-3 Thomas 1954: 714; b3 Schmidt KT 1974: 156, 174, Thomas 1968: 203, Thomas 1972: 462, Thomas 1997: 86; b4 Hackstein 1995: 174, 200, Thomas 1954: 730, Thomas 1972: 434; b4=B32a6 Thomas 1967c: 167, Thomas 1997: 84; b4f Schmidt KT 1974: 406, Thomas 1958a: 144; b5 Carling 2000: 234; b5f Thomas 1957: 57, Thomas 1967c: 175; b6 Carling 2000: 164, Thomas 1954: 714, Thomas 1972: 459, Thomas 1983: 25; b6f Thomas 1957: 68; b7 Carling 2000: 234, Hackstein 1995: 47, Schmidt KT 1974: 165, 334f; b8 Carling 2000: 240, Hackstein 1995: 136, 249, Thomas 1957: 259
Bibliography
Carling 2000
Carling, Gerd, 2000: Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen, Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein 1995
Hackstein, Olav, 1995: Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (HS Erg.-Heft 38).
Krause, WTG
Wolfgang Krause, Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum, Heidelberg: Winter 1952.
Schmidt KT 1974
Schmidt, Klaus T., 1974: Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen, Univ. Göttingen.
Thomas 1952
Thomas, Werner, 1952: Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag (Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9).
Thomas 1954
Thomas, Werner, 1954: "Die Infinitive im Tocharischen", Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 701-764.
Thomas 1957
Thomas, Werner, 1957: Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas 1958a
Thomas, Werner, 1958a: "Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv", KZ 75, 129-169.
Thomas 1960a
Thomas, Werner, 1960a: "Zur Verwendung des tocharischen Verbalsubstantivs auf -r im Perlativ, Indogermanica. Festschrift für Wolfgang Krause, Heidelberg: Winter, 194-203.
Thomas 1967a
Thomas, Werner, 1967a: "Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen", IF 72, 58-78.
Thomas 1967c
Thomas, Werner, 1967c: "Zu wortverbindendem toch. A śkaṃ/ Bṣpä", KZ 81, 161-180.
Thomas 1968
Thomas, Werner, 1968: "Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen", Orbis 17, 198-231.
Thomas 1970
Thomas, Werner, 1970: "Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen", KZ 84, 254-280.
Thomas 1972
Thomas, Werner, 1972: "Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen", Orbis 21, 429-470.
Thomas 1979b
Thomas, Werner, 1979b: Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne 'hier' und B ñake/ñke 'jetzt', Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur (Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1979, 15).
Thomas 1979d
Thomas, Werner, 1979d: "Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen", KZ 93, 150-173.
Thomas 1983
Thomas, Werner, 1983: Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung, Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur (Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1983, 6).
Thomas 1986
Thomas, Werner, 1986: "Zur Stellung von toch. A nuṃ, B nano 'wieder' innerhalb des Satzes", KZ 99, 117-146.
Thomas 1997
Thomas, Werner, 1997: Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po 'ganz, all, jeder', Stuttgart: Steiner (SbWGF XXXV, 3).
THT
Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien. TITUS. Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection. Transcriptions prepared by Christiane Schaefer, transliterations by Tatsushi Tamai and transliterations by Katharina Kupfer. Edited by Jost Gippert, Katharina Kupfer, and Tatsushi Tamai, Frankfurt am Main, 2000-2007; at:
http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm
TochSprR(B) I
Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, hg. v. E. Sieg und †W. Siegling, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1949.
TochSprR(B)2
Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung, hg. v. †Emil Sieg und †Wilhelm Siegling, neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1983.
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