Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalam | om apikal |
| 2SG: | apikalat | ot apikal |
| 3SG: | apikaleš | ok/ogeš apikal |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na apikal |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da apikal |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑t | ogə̑t apikal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikal'ə̑m | šə̑m apikal |
| 2SG: | apikal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ apikal |
| 3SG: | apikal'e | ə̑š apikal |
| 1PL: | apikalna | ə̑šna apikal |
| 2PL: | apikalda | ə̑šda apikal |
| 3PL: | apikal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št apikal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalə̑nam | apikalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | apikalə̑nat | apikalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | apikalə̑n | apikalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑nna | apikalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑nda | apikalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑nə̑t | apikalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalam ə̑l'e | om apikal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | apikalat ə̑l'e | ot apikal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | apikaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš apikal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na apikal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da apikal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t apikal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalam ulmaš | om apikal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | apikalat ulmaš | ot apikal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | apikaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš apikal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na apikal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da apikal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t apikal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalə̑nam ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | apikalə̑nat ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | apikalə̑n ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑nna ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑nda ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | apikalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalə̑nam ulmaš | apikalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | apikalə̑nat ulmaš | apikalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | apikalə̑n ulmaš | apikalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | apikalə̑nna ulmaš | apikalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | apikalə̑nda ulmaš | apikalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | apikalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | apikal | it apikal |
| 3SG: | apikalže | ə̑nže apikal |
| 1PL: | (apikalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na apikal) |
| 2PL: | apikalza | ida apikal |
| 3PL: | apikalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št apikal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalnem | ə̑nem apikal |
| 2SG: | apikalnet | ə̑net apikal |
| 3SG: | apikalneže | ə̑než apikal |
| 1PL: | apikalnena | ə̑nena apikal |
| 2PL: | apikalneda | ə̑neda apikal |
| 3PL: | apikalnešt | ə̑nešt apikal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | apikalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem apikal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | apikalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net apikal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | apikalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než apikal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | apikalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena apikal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | apikalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda apikal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | apikalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt apikal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | apikalnet ulmaš | ə̑net apikal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | apikalneže ulmaš | ə̑než apikal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | apikalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda apikal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | apikalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt apikal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | apikalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | apikalman |
| Active participle: | apikalše |
| Passive participle: | apikalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | apikalšaš |
| Negative participle: | apikaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | apikalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | apikalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | apikalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | apikalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | apikalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | apikalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | apikaldə̑maš |
