Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspem | om aspe |
| 2SG: | aspet | ot aspe |
| 3SG: | aspa | ok/ogeʃ aspe |
| 1PL: | aspena | ona/ogəna aspe |
| 2PL: | aspeda | oda/ogəda aspe |
| 3PL: | aspat | ogət aspe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspəʃəm | ʃəm aspe |
| 2SG: | aspəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ aspe |
| 3SG: | aspəʃ | əʃ aspe |
| 1PL: | aspəʃna | əʃna aspe |
| 2PL: | aspəʃda | əʃda aspe |
| 3PL: | aspəʃt | əʃt aspe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspenam | aspen oməl |
| 2SG: | aspenat | aspen otəl |
| 3SG: | aspen | aspen ogəl |
| 1PL: | aspenːa | aspen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | aspenda | aspen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | aspenət | aspen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspem əʎe | om aspe əʎe |
| 2SG: | aspet əʎe | ot aspe əʎe |
| 3SG: | aspa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ aspe əʎe |
| 1PL: | aspena əʎe | ona/ogəna aspe əʎe |
| 2PL: | aspeda əʎe | oda/ogəda aspe əʎe |
| 3PL: | aspat əʎe | ogət aspe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspem ulmaʃ | om aspe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | aspet ulmaʃ | ot aspe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | aspa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ aspe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | aspena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna aspe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | aspeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda aspe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | aspat ulmaʃ | ogət aspe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspenam əʎe | aspen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | aspenat əʎe | aspen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | aspen əʎe | aspen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | aspenːa əʎe | aspen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | aspenda əʎe | aspen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | aspen əʎe | aspen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspenam ulmaʃ | aspen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | aspenat ulmaʃ | aspen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | aspen ulmaʃ | aspen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | aspenːa ulmaʃ | aspen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | aspenda ulmaʃ | aspen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | aspen ulmaʃ | aspen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | aspe | it aspe |
| 3SG: | aspəʒe | ənʒe aspe |
| 1PL: | (aspena) | (ona/ogəna aspe) |
| 2PL: | aspəza | ida aspe |
| 3PL: | aspəʃt | ənəʃt aspe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspənem | ənem aspe |
| 2SG: | aspənet | ənet aspe |
| 3SG: | aspəneʒe | əneʒ aspe |
| 1PL: | aspənena | ənena aspe |
| 2PL: | aspəneda | əneda aspe |
| 3PL: | aspəneʃt | əneʃt aspe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | aspənem əʎe | ənem aspe əʎe |
| 2SG: | aspənena əʎe | ənet aspe əʎe |
| 3SG: | aspəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ aspe əʎe |
| 1PL: | aspənena əʎe | ənena aspe əʎe |
| 2PL: | aspəneda əʎe | əneda aspe əʎe |
| 3PL: | aspəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt aspe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | aspənet ulmaʃ | ənet aspe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | aspəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ aspe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | aspəneda ulmaʃ | əneda aspe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | aspəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt aspe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | aspaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | aspəman |
| Active participle: | aspəʃe |
| Passive participle: | aspəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | aspəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | aspədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | aspen |
| Negative gerund: | aspəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | aspəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | aspəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | aspəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | aspəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | aspədəmaʃ |
