Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkem | om betonko |
| 2SG: | betonket | ot betonko |
| 3SG: | betonka | ok/ogeʃ betonko |
| 1PL: | betonkena | ona/ogəna betonko |
| 2PL: | betonkeda | oda/ogəda betonko |
| 3PL: | betonkat | ogət betonko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkəʃəm | ʃəm betonko |
| 2SG: | betonkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ betonko |
| 3SG: | betonkəʃ | əʃ betonko |
| 1PL: | betonkəʃna | əʃna betonko |
| 2PL: | betonkəʃda | əʃda betonko |
| 3PL: | betonkəʃt | əʃt betonko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkenam | betonken oməl |
| 2SG: | betonkenat | betonken otəl |
| 3SG: | betonken | betonken ogəl |
| 1PL: | betonkenːa | betonken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | betonkenda | betonken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | betonkenət | betonken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkem əʎe | om betonko əʎe |
| 2SG: | betonket əʎe | ot betonko əʎe |
| 3SG: | betonka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ betonko əʎe |
| 1PL: | betonkena əʎe | ona/ogəna betonko əʎe |
| 2PL: | betonkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda betonko əʎe |
| 3PL: | betonkat əʎe | ogət betonko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkem ulmaʃ | om betonko ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | betonket ulmaʃ | ot betonko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | betonka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ betonko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | betonkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna betonko ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | betonkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda betonko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | betonkat ulmaʃ | ogət betonko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkenam əʎe | betonken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | betonkenat əʎe | betonken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | betonken əʎe | betonken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | betonkenːa əʎe | betonken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | betonkenda əʎe | betonken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | betonken əʎe | betonken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkenam ulmaʃ | betonken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | betonkenat ulmaʃ | betonken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | betonken ulmaʃ | betonken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | betonkenːa ulmaʃ | betonken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | betonkenda ulmaʃ | betonken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | betonken ulmaʃ | betonken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | betonko | it betonko |
| 3SG: | betonkəʒo | ənʒe betonko |
| 1PL: | (betonkena) | (ona/ogəna betonko) |
| 2PL: | betonkəza | ida betonko |
| 3PL: | betonkəʃt | ənəʃt betonko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkənem | ənem betonko |
| 2SG: | betonkənet | ənet betonko |
| 3SG: | betonkəneʒe | əneʒ betonko |
| 1PL: | betonkənena | ənena betonko |
| 2PL: | betonkəneda | əneda betonko |
| 3PL: | betonkəneʃt | əneʃt betonko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | betonkənem əʎe | ənem betonko əʎe |
| 2SG: | betonkənena əʎe | ənet betonko əʎe |
| 3SG: | betonkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ betonko əʎe |
| 1PL: | betonkənena əʎe | ənena betonko əʎe |
| 2PL: | betonkəneda əʎe | əneda betonko əʎe |
| 3PL: | betonkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt betonko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | betonkənet ulmaʃ | ənet betonko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | betonkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ betonko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | betonkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda betonko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | betonkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt betonko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | betonkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | betonkəman |
| Active participle: | betonkəʃo |
| Passive participle: | betonkəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | betonkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | betonkədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | betonken |
| Negative gerund: | betonkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | betonkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | betonkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | betonkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | betonkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | betonkədəmaʃ |
