Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanam | om birkan |
| 2SG: | birkanat | ot birkan |
| 3SG: | birkaneš | ok/ogeš birkan |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na birkan |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da birkan |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑t | ogə̑t birkan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkańə̑m | šə̑m birkan |
| 2SG: | birkańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ birkan |
| 3SG: | birkańe | ə̑š birkan |
| 1PL: | birkanna | ə̑šna birkan |
| 2PL: | birkanda | ə̑šda birkan |
| 3PL: | birkańə̑č́ | ə̑št birkan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanə̑nam | birkanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | birkanə̑nat | birkanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | birkanə̑n | birkanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑nna | birkanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑nda | birkanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑nə̑t | birkanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanam ə̑l'e | om birkan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | birkanat ə̑l'e | ot birkan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | birkaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš birkan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na birkan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da birkan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t birkan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanam ulmaš | om birkan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | birkanat ulmaš | ot birkan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | birkaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš birkan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na birkan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da birkan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t birkan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanə̑nam ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | birkanə̑nat ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | birkanə̑n ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑nna ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑nda ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | birkanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkanə̑nam ulmaš | birkanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | birkanə̑nat ulmaš | birkanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | birkanə̑n ulmaš | birkanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | birkanə̑nna ulmaš | birkanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | birkanə̑nda ulmaš | birkanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | birkanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | birkan | it birkan |
| 3SG: | birkanže | ə̑nže birkan |
| 1PL: | (birkanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na birkan) |
| 2PL: | birkanza | ida birkan |
| 3PL: | birkanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št birkan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkannem | ə̑nem birkan |
| 2SG: | birkannet | ə̑net birkan |
| 3SG: | birkanneže | ə̑než birkan |
| 1PL: | birkannena | ə̑nena birkan |
| 2PL: | birkanneda | ə̑neda birkan |
| 3PL: | birkannešt | ə̑nešt birkan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | birkannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem birkan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | birkannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net birkan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | birkanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než birkan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | birkannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena birkan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | birkanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda birkan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | birkannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt birkan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | birkannet ulmaš | ə̑net birkan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | birkanneže ulmaš | ə̑než birkan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | birkanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda birkan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | birkannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt birkan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | birkanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | birkanman |
| Active participle: | birkanše |
| Passive participle: | birkanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | birkanšaš |
| Negative participle: | birkandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | birkanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | birkande |
| Gerund of prior action: | birkanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | birkanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | birkanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | birkanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | birkandə̑maš |
