Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ○ Nominal ● Verb ○ Postposition
Conjugation class: ● Determine from input ○ First ○ Second
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.


Indicative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lamom βeč́ə̑l
2SG:βeč́ə̑latot βeč́ə̑l
3SG:βeč́ə̑lešok/ogeš βeč́ə̑l
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑naona/ogə̑na βeč́ə̑l
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑daoda/ogə̑da βeč́ə̑l
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑togə̑t βeč́ə̑l

Indicative Simple Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑l'ə̑mšə̑m βeč́ə̑l
2SG:βeč́ə̑l'ə̑č́šə̑č́ βeč́ə̑l
3SG:βeč́ə̑l'eə̑š βeč́ə̑l
1PL:βeč́ə̑lnaə̑šna βeč́ə̑l
2PL:βeč́ə̑ldaə̑šda βeč́ə̑l
3PL:βeč́ə̑l'ə̑č́ə̑št βeč́ə̑l

Indicative Simple Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑namβeč́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l
2SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑natβeč́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l
3SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑nβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nnaβeč́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑ndaβeč́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nə̑tβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lam ə̑l'eom βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:βeč́ə̑lat ə̑l'eot βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:βeč́ə̑leš ə̑l'eok/ogeš βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑na ə̑l'eona/ogə̑na βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑da ə̑l'eoda/ogə̑da βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑t ə̑l'eogə̑t βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lam ulmašom βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
2SG:βeč́ə̑lat ulmašot βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
3SG:βeč́ə̑leš ulmašok/ogeš βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑na ulmašona/ogə̑na βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑da ulmašoda/ogə̑da βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑t ulmašogə̑t βeč́ə̑l ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑nam ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑nat ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑n ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nna ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nda ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nə̑t ə̑l'eβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑nam ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑nat ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:βeč́ə̑lə̑n ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nna ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nda ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑nə̑t ulmašβeč́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βeč́ə̑lit βeč́ə̑l
3SG:βeč́ə̑lžeə̑nže βeč́ə̑l
1PL:(βeč́ə̑lə̑na)(ona/ogə̑na βeč́ə̑l)
2PL:βeč́ə̑lzaida βeč́ə̑l
3PL:βeč́ə̑lə̑štə̑nə̑št βeč́ə̑l

Desiderative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lnemə̑nem βeč́ə̑l
2SG:βeč́ə̑lnetə̑net βeč́ə̑l
3SG:βeč́ə̑lnežeə̑než βeč́ə̑l
1PL:βeč́ə̑lnenaə̑nena βeč́ə̑l
2PL:βeč́ə̑lnedaə̑neda βeč́ə̑l
3PL:βeč́ə̑lneštə̑nešt βeč́ə̑l

Desiderative Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βeč́ə̑lnem ə̑l'eə̑nem βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:βeč́ə̑lnena ə̑l'eə̑net βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:βeč́ə̑lneže ə̑l'eə̑než βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:βeč́ə̑lnena ə̑l'eə̑nena βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
2PL:βeč́ə̑lneda ə̑l'eə̑neda βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e
3PL:βeč́ə̑lnešt ə̑l'eə̑nešt βeč́ə̑l ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βeč́ə̑lnet ulmašə̑net βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
3SG:βeč́ə̑lneže ulmašə̑než βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
1PL://
2PL:βeč́ə̑lneda ulmašə̑neda βeč́ə̑l ulmaš
3PL:βeč́ə̑lnešt ulmašə̑nešt βeč́ə̑l ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:βeč́ə̑laš
Necessitive infinitive:βeč́ə̑lman
Active participle:βeč́ə̑lše
Passive participle:βeč́ə̑lme
Future-necessitive participle:βeč́ə̑lšaš
Negative participle:βeč́ə̑ldə̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:βeč́ə̑lə̑n
Negative gerund:βeč́ə̑lde
Gerund of prior action:βeč́ə̑lmek(e)
Gerund of future action:βeč́ə̑lmeš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:βeč́ə̑lšə̑la
Nominalization:βeč́ə̑lmaš
Negative nominalization:βeč́ə̑ldə̑maš


Last update: 10 August 2023