Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ○ Nominal ● Verb ○ Postposition
Conjugation class: ● Determine from input ○ First ○ Second
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.


Indicative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kamom βiržə̑k
2SG:βiržə̑katot βiržə̑k
3SG:βiržə̑kešok/ogeš βiržə̑k
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑naona/ogə̑na βiržə̑k
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑daoda/ogə̑da βiržə̑k
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑togə̑t βiržə̑k

Indicative Simple Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kə̑mšə̑m βiržə̑k
2SG:βiržə̑kə̑č́šə̑č́ βiržə̑k
3SG:βiržə̑keə̑š βiržə̑k
1PL:βiržə̑knaə̑šna βiržə̑k
2PL:βiržə̑kdaə̑šda βiržə̑k
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑č́ə̑št βiržə̑k

Indicative Simple Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kə̑namβiržə̑kə̑n omə̑l
2SG:βiržə̑kə̑natβiržə̑kə̑n otə̑l
3SG:βiržə̑kə̑nβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑l
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑nnaβiržə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑ndaβiržə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑nə̑tβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kam ə̑l'eom βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
2SG:βiržə̑kat ə̑l'eot βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
3SG:βiržə̑keš ə̑l'eok/ogeš βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑na ə̑l'eona/ogə̑na βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑da ə̑l'eoda/ogə̑da βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑t ə̑l'eogə̑t βiržə̑k ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kam ulmašom βiržə̑k ulmaš
2SG:βiržə̑kat ulmašot βiržə̑k ulmaš
3SG:βiržə̑keš ulmašok/ogeš βiržə̑k ulmaš
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑na ulmašona/ogə̑na βiržə̑k ulmaš
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑da ulmašoda/ogə̑da βiržə̑k ulmaš
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑t ulmašogə̑t βiržə̑k ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kə̑nam ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:βiržə̑kə̑nat ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:βiržə̑kə̑n ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑nna ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑nda ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑nə̑t ə̑l'eβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑kə̑nam ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:βiržə̑kə̑nat ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:βiržə̑kə̑n ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:βiržə̑kə̑nna ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:βiržə̑kə̑nda ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑nə̑t ulmašβiržə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βiržə̑kit βiržə̑k
3SG:βiržə̑kšeə̑nže βiržə̑k
1PL:(βiržə̑kə̑na)(ona/ogə̑na βiržə̑k)
2PL:βiržə̑ksaida βiržə̑k
3PL:βiržə̑kə̑štə̑nə̑št βiržə̑k

Desiderative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑knemə̑nem βiržə̑k
2SG:βiržə̑knetə̑net βiržə̑k
3SG:βiržə̑knežeə̑než βiržə̑k
1PL:βiržə̑knenaə̑nena βiržə̑k
2PL:βiržə̑knedaə̑neda βiržə̑k
3PL:βiržə̑kneštə̑nešt βiržə̑k

Desiderative Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βiržə̑knem ə̑l'eə̑nem βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
2SG:βiržə̑knena ə̑l'eə̑net βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
3SG:βiržə̑kneže ə̑l'eə̑než βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
1PL:βiržə̑knena ə̑l'eə̑nena βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
2PL:βiržə̑kneda ə̑l'eə̑neda βiržə̑k ə̑l'e
3PL:βiržə̑knešt ə̑l'eə̑nešt βiržə̑k ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βiržə̑knet ulmašə̑net βiržə̑k ulmaš
3SG:βiržə̑kneže ulmašə̑než βiržə̑k ulmaš
1PL://
2PL:βiržə̑kneda ulmašə̑neda βiržə̑k ulmaš
3PL:βiržə̑knešt ulmašə̑nešt βiržə̑k ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:βiržə̑kaš
Necessitive infinitive:βiržə̑kman
Active participle:βiržə̑kše
Passive participle:βiržə̑kme
Future-necessitive participle:βiržə̑kšaš
Negative participle:βiržə̑kdə̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:βiržə̑kə̑n
Negative gerund:βiržə̑kde
Gerund of prior action:βiržə̑kmek(e)
Gerund of future action:βiržə̑kmeš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:βiržə̑kšə̑la
Nominalization:βiržə̑kmaš
Negative nominalization:βiržə̑kdə̑maš


Last update: 10 August 2023