Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkameram | om βotkamer |
| 2SG: | βotkamerat | ot βotkamer |
| 3SG: | βotkamereš | ok/ogeš βotkamer |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βotkamer |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βotkamer |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑t | ogə̑t βotkamer |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamerə̑m | šə̑m βotkamer |
| 2SG: | βotkamerə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βotkamer |
| 3SG: | βotkamere | ə̑š βotkamer |
| 1PL: | βotkamerna | ə̑šna βotkamer |
| 2PL: | βotkamerda | ə̑šda βotkamer |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑č́ | ə̑št βotkamer |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamerə̑nam | βotkamerə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βotkamerə̑nat | βotkamerə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkamerə̑n | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑nna | βotkamerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑nda | βotkamerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑nə̑t | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkameram ə̑l'e | om βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkamerat ə̑l'e | ot βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkamereš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βotkamer ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkameram ulmaš | om βotkamer ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βotkamerat ulmaš | ot βotkamer ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkamereš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βotkamer ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βotkamer ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βotkamer ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βotkamer ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamerə̑nam ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkamerə̑nat ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkamerə̑n ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑nna ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑nda ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamerə̑nam ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βotkamerə̑nat ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkamerə̑n ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βotkamerə̑nna ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βotkamerə̑nda ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βotkamerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βotkamer | it βotkamer |
| 3SG: | βotkamerže | ə̑nže βotkamer |
| 1PL: | (βotkamerə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βotkamer) |
| 2PL: | βotkamerza | ida βotkamer |
| 3PL: | βotkamerə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βotkamer |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamernem | ə̑nem βotkamer |
| 2SG: | βotkamernet | ə̑net βotkamer |
| 3SG: | βotkamerneže | ə̑než βotkamer |
| 1PL: | βotkamernena | ə̑nena βotkamer |
| 2PL: | βotkamerneda | ə̑neda βotkamer |
| 3PL: | βotkamernešt | ə̑nešt βotkamer |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkamernem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkamernena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkamerneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkamernena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkamerneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βotkamer ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkamernešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βotkamer ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βotkamernet ulmaš | ə̑net βotkamer ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkamerneže ulmaš | ə̑než βotkamer ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βotkamerneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βotkamer ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkamernešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βotkamer ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βotkameraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βotkamerman |
| Active participle: | βotkamerše |
| Passive participle: | βotkamerme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βotkameršaš |
| Negative participle: | βotkamerdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βotkamerə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βotkamerde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βotkamermek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βotkamermeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βotkameršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βotkamermaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βotkamerdə̑maš |
