Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ○ Nominal ● Verb ○ Postposition
Conjugation class: ● Determine from input ○ First ○ Second
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.


Indicative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kamom βol'ə̑k
2SG:βol'ə̑katot βol'ə̑k
3SG:βol'ə̑kešok/ogeš βol'ə̑k
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑naona/ogə̑na βol'ə̑k
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑daoda/ogə̑da βol'ə̑k
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑togə̑t βol'ə̑k

Indicative Simple Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kə̑mšə̑m βol'ə̑k
2SG:βol'ə̑kə̑č́šə̑č́ βol'ə̑k
3SG:βol'ə̑koə̑š βol'ə̑k
1PL:βol'ə̑knaə̑šna βol'ə̑k
2PL:βol'ə̑kdaə̑šda βol'ə̑k
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑č́ə̑št βol'ə̑k

Indicative Simple Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kə̑namβol'ə̑kə̑n omə̑l
2SG:βol'ə̑kə̑natβol'ə̑kə̑n otə̑l
3SG:βol'ə̑kə̑nβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑l
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nnaβol'ə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑ndaβol'ə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nə̑tβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kam ə̑l'eom βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
2SG:βol'ə̑kat ə̑l'eot βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
3SG:βol'ə̑keš ə̑l'eok/ogeš βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑na ə̑l'eona/ogə̑na βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑da ə̑l'eoda/ogə̑da βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑t ə̑l'eogə̑t βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kam ulmašom βol'ə̑k ulmaš
2SG:βol'ə̑kat ulmašot βol'ə̑k ulmaš
3SG:βol'ə̑keš ulmašok/ogeš βol'ə̑k ulmaš
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑na ulmašona/ogə̑na βol'ə̑k ulmaš
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑da ulmašoda/ogə̑da βol'ə̑k ulmaš
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑t ulmašogə̑t βol'ə̑k ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kə̑nam ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:βol'ə̑kə̑nat ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:βol'ə̑kə̑n ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nna ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nda ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nə̑t ə̑l'eβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑kə̑nam ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:βol'ə̑kə̑nat ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:βol'ə̑kə̑n ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nna ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nda ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑nə̑t ulmašβol'ə̑kə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βol'ə̑kit βol'ə̑k
3SG:βol'ə̑kšoə̑nže βol'ə̑k
1PL:(βol'ə̑kə̑na)(ona/ogə̑na βol'ə̑k)
2PL:βol'ə̑ksaida βol'ə̑k
3PL:βol'ə̑kə̑štə̑nə̑št βol'ə̑k

Desiderative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑knemə̑nem βol'ə̑k
2SG:βol'ə̑knetə̑net βol'ə̑k
3SG:βol'ə̑knežeə̑než βol'ə̑k
1PL:βol'ə̑knenaə̑nena βol'ə̑k
2PL:βol'ə̑knedaə̑neda βol'ə̑k
3PL:βol'ə̑kneštə̑nešt βol'ə̑k

Desiderative Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:βol'ə̑knem ə̑l'eə̑nem βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
2SG:βol'ə̑knena ə̑l'eə̑net βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
3SG:βol'ə̑kneže ə̑l'eə̑než βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
1PL:βol'ə̑knena ə̑l'eə̑nena βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
2PL:βol'ə̑kneda ə̑l'eə̑neda βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e
3PL:βol'ə̑knešt ə̑l'eə̑nešt βol'ə̑k ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:βol'ə̑knet ulmašə̑net βol'ə̑k ulmaš
3SG:βol'ə̑kneže ulmašə̑než βol'ə̑k ulmaš
1PL://
2PL:βol'ə̑kneda ulmašə̑neda βol'ə̑k ulmaš
3PL:βol'ə̑knešt ulmašə̑nešt βol'ə̑k ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:βol'ə̑kaš
Necessitive infinitive:βol'ə̑kman
Active participle:βol'ə̑kšo
Passive participle:βol'ə̑kmo
Future-necessitive participle:βol'ə̑kšaš
Negative participle:βol'ə̑kdə̑mo
Affirmative instructive gerund:βol'ə̑kə̑n
Negative gerund:βol'ə̑kde
Gerund of prior action:βol'ə̑kmek(e)
Gerund of future action:βol'ə̑kmeš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:βol'ə̑kšə̑la
Nominalization:βol'ə̑kmaš
Negative nominalization:βol'ə̑kdə̑maš


Last update: 10 August 2023