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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | gajak |
| Genitive: | gajakə̑n |
| Dative: | gajaklan |
| Accusative: | gajakə̑m |
| Comparative: | gajakla |
| Comitative: | gajakge |
| Inessive: | gajakə̑šte |
| Illative: | gajakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | gajakeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | gajakem |
| 2SG: | gajaket |
| 3SG: | gajakše |
| 1PL: | gajakna |
| 2PL: | gajakda |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | gajak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | gajak-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | gajakla |
| Sociative Plural: | gajakmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | gajakem | gajak-βlak | gajak-βlakem, gajakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | gajakemə̑n | gajak-βlakə̑n | gajak-βlakemə̑n, gajakem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | gajakemlan, gajaklanem | gajak-βlaklan | gajak-βlakemlan, gajakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | gajakemə̑m | gajak-βlakə̑m | gajak-βlakemə̑m, gajakem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | gajakemla, gajaklam | gajak-βlakla | gajak-βlakemla, gajakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | gajakemge | gajak-βlakge | gajak-βlakemge, gajakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | gajakə̑štem | gajak-βlakə̑šte | gajak-βlakə̑štem, gajakem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | gajakə̑škem | gajak-βlakə̑š(ke) | gajak-βlakə̑škem, gajakem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | gajakešem | gajak-βlakeš | gajak-βlakešem, gajakem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||