Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakam | om gajak |
| 2SG: | gajakat | ot gajak |
| 3SG: | gajakeš | ok/ogeš gajak |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na gajak |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da gajak |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑t | ogə̑t gajak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakə̑m | šə̑m gajak |
| 2SG: | gajakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gajak |
| 3SG: | gajake | ə̑š gajak |
| 1PL: | gajakna | ə̑šna gajak |
| 2PL: | gajakda | ə̑šda gajak |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑č́ | ə̑št gajak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakə̑nam | gajakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gajakə̑nat | gajakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gajakə̑n | gajakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑nna | gajakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑nda | gajakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑nə̑t | gajakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakam ə̑l'e | om gajak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gajakat ə̑l'e | ot gajak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gajakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gajak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gajak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gajak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gajak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakam ulmaš | om gajak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gajakat ulmaš | ot gajak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gajakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš gajak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gajak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gajak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t gajak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakə̑nam ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gajakə̑nat ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gajakə̑n ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑nna ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑nda ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | gajakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajakə̑nam ulmaš | gajakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gajakə̑nat ulmaš | gajakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gajakə̑n ulmaš | gajakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gajakə̑nna ulmaš | gajakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gajakə̑nda ulmaš | gajakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | gajakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gajak | it gajak |
| 3SG: | gajakše | ə̑nže gajak |
| 1PL: | (gajakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na gajak) |
| 2PL: | gajaksa | ida gajak |
| 3PL: | gajakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gajak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajaknem | ə̑nem gajak |
| 2SG: | gajaknet | ə̑net gajak |
| 3SG: | gajakneže | ə̑než gajak |
| 1PL: | gajaknena | ə̑nena gajak |
| 2PL: | gajakneda | ə̑neda gajak |
| 3PL: | gajaknešt | ə̑nešt gajak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gajaknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gajak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gajaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gajak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gajakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gajak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gajaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gajak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gajakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gajak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gajaknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gajak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gajaknet ulmaš | ə̑net gajak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gajakneže ulmaš | ə̑než gajak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gajakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda gajak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gajaknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gajak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gajakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gajakman |
| Active participle: | gajakše |
| Passive participle: | gajakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gajakšaš |
| Negative participle: | gajakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gajakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | gajakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | gajakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gajakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gajakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gajakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | gajakdə̑maš |
