Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongam | om gong |
| 2SG: | gongat | ot gong |
| 3SG: | gongeš | ok/ogeš gong |
| 1PL: | gongə̑na | ona/ogə̑na gong |
| 2PL: | gongə̑da | oda/ogə̑da gong |
| 3PL: | gongə̑t | ogə̑t gong |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongə̑m | šə̑m gong |
| 2SG: | gongə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gong |
| 3SG: | gongo | ə̑š gong |
| 1PL: | gongna | ə̑šna gong |
| 2PL: | gongda | ə̑šda gong |
| 3PL: | gongə̑č́ | ə̑št gong |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongə̑nam | gongə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gongə̑nat | gongə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gongə̑n | gongə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gongə̑nna | gongə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gongə̑nda | gongə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gongə̑nə̑t | gongə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongam ə̑l'e | om gong ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gongat ə̑l'e | ot gong ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gongeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gong ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gongə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gong ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gongə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gong ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gongə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gong ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongam ulmaš | om gong ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gongat ulmaš | ot gong ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gongeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš gong ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gongə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gong ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gongə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gong ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gongə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t gong ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongə̑nam ə̑l'e | gongə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gongə̑nat ə̑l'e | gongə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gongə̑n ə̑l'e | gongə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gongə̑nna ə̑l'e | gongə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gongə̑nda ə̑l'e | gongə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gongə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | gongə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongə̑nam ulmaš | gongə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gongə̑nat ulmaš | gongə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gongə̑n ulmaš | gongə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gongə̑nna ulmaš | gongə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gongə̑nda ulmaš | gongə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gongə̑nə̑t ulmaš | gongə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gong | it gong |
| 3SG: | gongšo | ə̑nže gong |
| 1PL: | (gongə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na gong) |
| 2PL: | gongsa | ida gong |
| 3PL: | gongə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gong |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongnem | ə̑nem gong |
| 2SG: | gongnet | ə̑net gong |
| 3SG: | gongneže | ə̑než gong |
| 1PL: | gongnena | ə̑nena gong |
| 2PL: | gongneda | ə̑neda gong |
| 3PL: | gongnešt | ə̑nešt gong |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gongnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gong ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gongnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gong ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gongneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gong ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gongnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gong ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gongneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gong ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gongnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gong ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gongnet ulmaš | ə̑net gong ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gongneže ulmaš | ə̑než gong ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gongneda ulmaš | ə̑neda gong ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gongnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gong ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gongaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gongman |
| Active participle: | gongšo |
| Passive participle: | gongmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gongšaš |
| Negative participle: | gongdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gongə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | gongde |
| Gerund of prior action: | gongmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gongmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gongšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gongmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | gongdə̑maš |
