Paradigm Generator
Этот материал на данный момент доступен только на английском языке. Марийская и русская версии разрабатываются и скоро будут опубликованы.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanam | om gradusan |
| 2SG: | gradusanat | ot gradusan |
| 3SG: | gradusaneš | ok/ogeš gradusan |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na gradusan |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da gradusan |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑t | ogə̑t gradusan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusańə̑m | šə̑m gradusan |
| 2SG: | gradusańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gradusan |
| 3SG: | gradusańe | ə̑š gradusan |
| 1PL: | gradusanna | ə̑šna gradusan |
| 2PL: | gradusanda | ə̑šda gradusan |
| 3PL: | gradusańə̑č́ | ə̑št gradusan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanə̑nam | gradusanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gradusanə̑nat | gradusanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gradusanə̑n | gradusanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑nna | gradusanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑nda | gradusanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑nə̑t | gradusanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanam ə̑l'e | om gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gradusanat ə̑l'e | ot gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gradusaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gradusan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanam ulmaš | om gradusan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gradusanat ulmaš | ot gradusan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gradusaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš gradusan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gradusan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gradusan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t gradusan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanə̑nam ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gradusanə̑nat ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gradusanə̑n ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑nna ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑nda ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | gradusanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusanə̑nam ulmaš | gradusanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gradusanə̑nat ulmaš | gradusanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gradusanə̑n ulmaš | gradusanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gradusanə̑nna ulmaš | gradusanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gradusanə̑nda ulmaš | gradusanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | gradusanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gradusan | it gradusan |
| 3SG: | gradusanže | ə̑nže gradusan |
| 1PL: | (gradusanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na gradusan) |
| 2PL: | gradusanza | ida gradusan |
| 3PL: | gradusanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gradusan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusannem | ə̑nem gradusan |
| 2SG: | gradusannet | ə̑net gradusan |
| 3SG: | gradusanneže | ə̑než gradusan |
| 1PL: | gradusannena | ə̑nena gradusan |
| 2PL: | gradusanneda | ə̑neda gradusan |
| 3PL: | gradusannešt | ə̑nešt gradusan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gradusannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gradusannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gradusanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gradusannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gradusanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gradusan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gradusannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gradusan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gradusannet ulmaš | ə̑net gradusan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gradusanneže ulmaš | ə̑než gradusan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gradusanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda gradusan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gradusannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gradusan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gradusanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gradusanman |
| Active participle: | gradusanše |
| Passive participle: | gradusanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gradusanšaš |
| Negative participle: | gradusandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gradusanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | gradusande |
| Gerund of prior action: | gradusanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gradusanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gradusanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gradusanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | gradusandə̑maš |
