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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gramm |
Genitive: | grammə̑n |
Dative: | grammlan |
Accusative: | grammə̑m |
Comparative: | grammla |
Comitative: | grammge |
Inessive: | grammə̑šte |
Illative: | grammə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | grammeš |
1SG: | grammem |
2SG: | grammet |
3SG: | grammže |
1PL: | grammna |
2PL: | grammda |
3PL: | grammə̑št |
Plural (1): | gramm-βlak |
Plural (2): | gramm-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | grammla |
Sociative Plural: | grammmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | grammem | gramm-βlak | gramm-βlakem, grammem-βlak |
Genitive: | grammemə̑n | gramm-βlakə̑n | gramm-βlakemə̑n, grammem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | grammemlan, grammlanem | gramm-βlaklan | gramm-βlakemlan, grammem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | grammemə̑m | gramm-βlakə̑m | gramm-βlakemə̑m, grammem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | grammemla, grammlam | gramm-βlakla | gramm-βlakemla, grammem-βlakla |
Comitative: | grammemge | gramm-βlakge | gramm-βlakemge, grammem-βlakge |
Inessive: | grammə̑štem | gramm-βlakə̑šte | gramm-βlakə̑štem, grammem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | grammə̑škem | gramm-βlakə̑š(ke) | gramm-βlakə̑škem, grammem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | grammešem | gramm-βlakeš | gramm-βlakešem, grammem-βlakeš |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |