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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gramː |
Genitive: | gramːən |
Dative: | gramːlan |
Accusative: | gramːəm |
Comparative: | gramːla |
Comitative: | gramːge |
Inessive: | gramːəʃte |
Illative: | gramːəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gramːeʃ |
1SG: | gramːem |
2SG: | gramːet |
3SG: | gramːʒe |
1PL: | gramːna |
2PL: | gramːda |
3PL: | gramːəʃt |
Plural (1): | gramː-βlak |
Plural (2): | gramː-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | gramːla |
Sociative Plural: | gramːət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | gramːem | gramː-βlak | gramː-βlakem, gramːem-βlak |
Genitive: | gramːemən | gramː-βlakən | gramː-βlakemən, gramːem-βlakən |
Dative: | gramːemlan, gramːlanem | gramː-βlaklan | gramː-βlakemlan, gramːem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | gramːeməm | gramː-βlakəm | gramː-βlakeməm, gramːem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | gramːemla, gramːlam | gramː-βlakla | gramː-βlakemla, gramːem-βlakla |
Comitative: | gramːemge | gramː-βlakge | gramː-βlakemge, gramːem-βlakge |
Inessive: | gramːəʃtem | gramː-βlakəʃte | gramː-βlakəʃtem, gramːem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | gramːəʃkem | gramː-βlakəʃ(ke) | gramː-βlakəʃkem, gramːem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gramːeʃem | gramː-βlakeʃ | gramː-βlakeʃem, gramːem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 8 June 2024 |