Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisam | om defis |
| 2SG: | defisat | ot defis |
| 3SG: | defiseš | ok/ogeš defis |
| 1PL: | defisə̑na | ona/ogə̑na defis |
| 2PL: | defisə̑da | oda/ogə̑da defis |
| 3PL: | defisə̑t | ogə̑t defis |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisə̑m | šə̑m defis |
| 2SG: | defisə̑č́ | šə̑č́ defis |
| 3SG: | defise | ə̑š defis |
| 1PL: | defisna | ə̑šna defis |
| 2PL: | defisda | ə̑šda defis |
| 3PL: | defisə̑č́ | ə̑št defis |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisə̑nam | defisə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | defisə̑nat | defisə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | defisə̑n | defisə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | defisə̑nna | defisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | defisə̑nda | defisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | defisə̑nə̑t | defisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisam ə̑l'e | om defis ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | defisat ə̑l'e | ot defis ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | defiseš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš defis ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | defisə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na defis ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | defisə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da defis ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | defisə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t defis ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisam ulmaš | om defis ulmaš |
| 2SG: | defisat ulmaš | ot defis ulmaš |
| 3SG: | defiseš ulmaš | ok/ogeš defis ulmaš |
| 1PL: | defisə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na defis ulmaš |
| 2PL: | defisə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da defis ulmaš |
| 3PL: | defisə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t defis ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisə̑nam ə̑l'e | defisə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | defisə̑nat ə̑l'e | defisə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | defisə̑n ə̑l'e | defisə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | defisə̑nna ə̑l'e | defisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | defisə̑nda ə̑l'e | defisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | defisə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | defisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisə̑nam ulmaš | defisə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | defisə̑nat ulmaš | defisə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | defisə̑n ulmaš | defisə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | defisə̑nna ulmaš | defisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | defisə̑nda ulmaš | defisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | defisə̑nə̑t ulmaš | defisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | defis | it defis |
| 3SG: | defisše | ə̑nže defis |
| 1PL: | (defisə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na defis) |
| 2PL: | defissa | ida defis |
| 3PL: | defisə̑št | ə̑nə̑št defis |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisnem | ə̑nem defis |
| 2SG: | defisnet | ə̑net defis |
| 3SG: | defisneže | ə̑než defis |
| 1PL: | defisnena | ə̑nena defis |
| 2PL: | defisneda | ə̑neda defis |
| 3PL: | defisnešt | ə̑nešt defis |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | defisnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem defis ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | defisnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net defis ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | defisneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než defis ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | defisnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena defis ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | defisneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda defis ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | defisnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt defis ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | defisnet ulmaš | ə̑net defis ulmaš |
| 3SG: | defisneže ulmaš | ə̑než defis ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | defisneda ulmaš | ə̑neda defis ulmaš |
| 3PL: | defisnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt defis ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | defisaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | defisman |
| Active participle: | defisše |
| Passive participle: | defisme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | defisšaš |
| Negative participle: | defisdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | defisə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | defisde |
| Gerund of prior action: | defismek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | defismeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | defisšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | defismaš |
| Negative nominalization: | defisdə̑maš |
