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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | duga |
| Genitive: | dugan |
| Dative: | dugalan |
| Accusative: | dugam |
| Comparative: | dugala |
| Comitative: | dugage |
| Inessive: | dugaʃte |
| Illative: | dugaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | dugaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | dugam |
| 2SG: | dugat |
| 3SG: | dugaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | dugana |
| 2PL: | dugada |
| 3PL: | dugaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | duga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | duga-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | dugala |
| Sociative Plural: | dugamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | dugam | duga-βlak | duga-βlakem, dugam-βlak |
| Genitive: | dugamən | duga-βlakən | duga-βlakemən, dugam-βlakən |
| Dative: | dugamlan, dugalanem | duga-βlaklan | duga-βlakemlan, dugam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | dugaməm | duga-βlakəm | duga-βlakeməm, dugam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | dugamla, dugalam | duga-βlakla | duga-βlakemla, dugam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | dugamge | duga-βlakge | duga-βlakemge, dugam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | dugaʃtem | duga-βlakəʃte | duga-βlakəʃtem, dugam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | dugaʃkem | duga-βlakəʃ(ke) | duga-βlakəʃkem, dugam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | dugaʃem | duga-βlakeʃ | duga-βlakeʃem, dugam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||