Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:žapə̑šken
Genitive:žapə̑škenə̑n
Dative:žapə̑škenlan
Accusative:žapə̑škenə̑m
Comparative:žapə̑škenla
Comitative:žapə̑škenge
Inessive:žapə̑škenə̑šte
Illative:žapə̑škenə̑š(ke)
Lative:žapə̑škeneš

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:žapə̑škenem
2SG:žapə̑škenet
3SG:žapə̑škenže
1PL:žapə̑škenna
2PL:žapə̑škenda
3PL:žapə̑škenə̑št

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):žapə̑šken-βlak
Plural (2):žapə̑šken-šamə̑č́
Short Plural:žapə̑škenla
Sociative Plural:žapə̑škenmə̑t

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:žapə̑škenemžapə̑šken-βlakžapə̑šken-βlakem,
žapə̑škenem-βlak
Genitive:žapə̑škenemə̑nžapə̑šken-βlakə̑nžapə̑šken-βlakemə̑n,
žapə̑škenem-βlakə̑n
Dative:žapə̑škenemlan,
žapə̑škenlanem
žapə̑šken-βlaklanžapə̑šken-βlakemlan,
žapə̑škenem-βlaklan
Accusative:žapə̑škenemə̑mžapə̑šken-βlakə̑mžapə̑šken-βlakemə̑m,
žapə̑škenem-βlakə̑m
Comparative:žapə̑škenemla,
žapə̑škenlam
žapə̑šken-βlaklažapə̑šken-βlakemla,
žapə̑škenem-βlakla
Comitative:žapə̑škenemgežapə̑šken-βlakgežapə̑šken-βlakemge,
žapə̑škenem-βlakge
Inessive:žapə̑škenə̑štemžapə̑šken-βlakə̑štežapə̑šken-βlakə̑štem,
žapə̑škenem-βlakə̑šte
Illative:žapə̑škenə̑škemžapə̑šken-βlakə̑š(ke)žapə̑šken-βlakə̑škem,
žapə̑škenem-βlakə̑š(ke)
Lative:žapə̑škenešemžapə̑šken-βlakešžapə̑šken-βlakešem,
žapə̑škenem-βlakeš


Last update: 10 August 2023