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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | žiβotnə̑j |
| Genitive: | žiβotnə̑jə̑n |
| Dative: | žiβotnə̑jlan |
| Accusative: | žiβotnə̑jə̑m |
| Comparative: | žiβotnə̑jla |
| Comitative: | žiβotnə̑jge |
| Inessive: | žiβotnə̑jə̑što |
| Illative: | žiβotnə̑jə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | žiβotnə̑ješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | žiβotnə̑jem |
| 2SG: | žiβotnə̑jet |
| 3SG: | žiβotnə̑jžo |
| 1PL: | žiβotnə̑jna |
| 2PL: | žiβotnə̑jda |
| 3PL: | žiβotnə̑jə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | žiβotnə̑j-βlak |
| Plural (2): | žiβotnə̑j-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | žiβotnə̑jla |
| Sociative Plural: | žiβotnə̑jmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | žiβotnə̑jem | žiβotnə̑j-βlak | žiβotnə̑j-βlakem, žiβotnə̑jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | žiβotnə̑jemə̑n | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑n | žiβotnə̑j-βlakemə̑n, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | žiβotnə̑jemlan, žiβotnə̑jlanem | žiβotnə̑j-βlaklan | žiβotnə̑j-βlakemlan, žiβotnə̑jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | žiβotnə̑jemə̑m | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑m | žiβotnə̑j-βlakemə̑m, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | žiβotnə̑jemla, žiβotnə̑jlam | žiβotnə̑j-βlakla | žiβotnə̑j-βlakemla, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | žiβotnə̑jemge | žiβotnə̑j-βlakge | žiβotnə̑j-βlakemge, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | žiβotnə̑jə̑štem | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑šte | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑štem, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | žiβotnə̑jə̑škem | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑š(ke) | žiβotnə̑j-βlakə̑škem, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | žiβotnə̑ješem | žiβotnə̑j-βlakeš | žiβotnə̑j-βlakešem, žiβotnə̑jem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||