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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | zapas |
| Genitive: | zapasən |
| Dative: | zapaslan |
| Accusative: | zapasəm |
| Comparative: | zapasla |
| Comitative: | zapasge |
| Inessive: | zapasəʃte |
| Illative: | zapasəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | zapaseʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | zapasem |
| 2SG: | zapaset |
| 3SG: | zapasʃe |
| 1PL: | zapasna |
| 2PL: | zapasda |
| 3PL: | zapasəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | zapas-βlak |
| Plural (2): | zapas-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | zapasla |
| Sociative Plural: | zapasmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | zapasem | zapas-βlak | zapas-βlakem, zapasem-βlak |
| Genitive: | zapasemən | zapas-βlakən | zapas-βlakemən, zapasem-βlakən |
| Dative: | zapasemlan, zapaslanem | zapas-βlaklan | zapas-βlakemlan, zapasem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | zapaseməm | zapas-βlakəm | zapas-βlakeməm, zapasem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | zapasemla, zapaslam | zapas-βlakla | zapas-βlakemla, zapasem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | zapasemge | zapas-βlakge | zapas-βlakemge, zapasem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | zapasəʃtem | zapas-βlakəʃte | zapas-βlakəʃtem, zapasem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | zapasəʃkem | zapas-βlakəʃ(ke) | zapas-βlakəʃkem, zapasem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | zapaseʃem | zapas-βlakeʃ | zapas-βlakeʃem, zapasem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||