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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | zaponko |
| Genitive: | zaponkən |
| Dative: | zaponkəlan |
| Accusative: | zaponkəm |
| Comparative: | zaponkəla |
| Comitative: | zaponkəge |
| Inessive: | zaponkəʃto |
| Illative: | zaponkəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | zaponkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | zaponkem |
| 2SG: | zaponket |
| 3SG: | zaponkəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | zaponkəna |
| 2PL: | zaponkəda |
| 3PL: | zaponkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | zaponko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | zaponko-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | zaponkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | zaponkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | zaponkem | zaponko-βlak | zaponko-βlakem, zaponkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | zaponkemən | zaponko-βlakən | zaponko-βlakemən, zaponkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | zaponkemlan, zaponkəlanem | zaponko-βlaklan | zaponko-βlakemlan, zaponkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | zaponkeməm | zaponko-βlakəm | zaponko-βlakeməm, zaponkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | zaponkemla, zaponkəlam | zaponko-βlakla | zaponko-βlakemla, zaponkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | zaponkemge | zaponko-βlakge | zaponko-βlakemge, zaponkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | zaponkəʃtem | zaponko-βlakəʃte | zaponko-βlakəʃtem, zaponkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | zaponkəʃkem | zaponko-βlakəʃ(ke) | zaponko-βlakəʃkem, zaponkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | zaponkeʃem | zaponko-βlakeʃ | zaponko-βlakeʃem, zaponkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||