Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokam | om zβonok |
| 2SG: | zβonokat | ot zβonok |
| 3SG: | zβonokeš | ok/ogeš zβonok |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑na | ona/ogə̑na zβonok |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑da | oda/ogə̑da zβonok |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑t | ogə̑t zβonok |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokə̑m | šə̑m zβonok |
| 2SG: | zβonokə̑č́ | šə̑č́ zβonok |
| 3SG: | zβonoko | ə̑š zβonok |
| 1PL: | zβonokna | ə̑šna zβonok |
| 2PL: | zβonokda | ə̑šda zβonok |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑č́ | ə̑št zβonok |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokə̑nam | zβonokə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | zβonokə̑nat | zβonokə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | zβonokə̑n | zβonokə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑nna | zβonokə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑nda | zβonokə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑nə̑t | zβonokə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokam ə̑l'e | om zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | zβonokat ə̑l'e | ot zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | zβonokeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t zβonok ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokam ulmaš | om zβonok ulmaš |
| 2SG: | zβonokat ulmaš | ot zβonok ulmaš |
| 3SG: | zβonokeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš zβonok ulmaš |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na zβonok ulmaš |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da zβonok ulmaš |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t zβonok ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokə̑nam ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | zβonokə̑nat ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | zβonokə̑n ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑nna ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑nda ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | zβonokə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonokə̑nam ulmaš | zβonokə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | zβonokə̑nat ulmaš | zβonokə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | zβonokə̑n ulmaš | zβonokə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | zβonokə̑nna ulmaš | zβonokə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | zβonokə̑nda ulmaš | zβonokə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑nə̑t ulmaš | zβonokə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | zβonok | it zβonok |
| 3SG: | zβonokšo | ə̑nže zβonok |
| 1PL: | (zβonokə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na zβonok) |
| 2PL: | zβonoksa | ida zβonok |
| 3PL: | zβonokə̑št | ə̑nə̑št zβonok |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonoknem | ə̑nem zβonok |
| 2SG: | zβonoknet | ə̑net zβonok |
| 3SG: | zβonokneže | ə̑než zβonok |
| 1PL: | zβonoknena | ə̑nena zβonok |
| 2PL: | zβonokneda | ə̑neda zβonok |
| 3PL: | zβonoknešt | ə̑nešt zβonok |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | zβonoknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | zβonoknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | zβonokneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | zβonoknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | zβonokneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda zβonok ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | zβonoknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt zβonok ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | zβonoknet ulmaš | ə̑net zβonok ulmaš |
| 3SG: | zβonokneže ulmaš | ə̑než zβonok ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | zβonokneda ulmaš | ə̑neda zβonok ulmaš |
| 3PL: | zβonoknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt zβonok ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | zβonokaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | zβonokman |
| Active participle: | zβonokšo |
| Passive participle: | zβonokmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | zβonokšaš |
| Negative participle: | zβonokdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | zβonokə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | zβonokde |
| Gerund of prior action: | zβonokmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | zβonokmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | zβonokšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | zβonokmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | zβonokdə̑maš |
