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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ispan |
Genitive: | ispanən |
Dative: | ispanlan |
Accusative: | ispanəm |
Comparative: | ispanla |
Comitative: | ispange |
Inessive: | ispanəʃte |
Illative: | ispanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ispaneʃ |
1SG: | ispanem |
2SG: | ispanet |
3SG: | ispanʒe |
1PL: | ispanːa |
2PL: | ispanda |
3PL: | ispanəʃt |
Plural (1): | ispan-βlak |
Plural (2): | ispan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ispanla |
Sociative Plural: | ispanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ispanem | ispan-βlak | ispan-βlakem, ispanem-βlak |
Genitive: | ispanemən | ispan-βlakən | ispan-βlakemən, ispanem-βlakən |
Dative: | ispanemlan, ispanlanem | ispan-βlaklan | ispan-βlakemlan, ispanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ispaneməm | ispan-βlakəm | ispan-βlakeməm, ispanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ispanemla, ispanlam | ispan-βlakla | ispan-βlakemla, ispanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | ispanemge | ispan-βlakge | ispan-βlakemge, ispanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | ispanəʃtem | ispan-βlakəʃte | ispan-βlakəʃtem, ispanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ispanəʃkem | ispan-βlakəʃ(ke) | ispan-βlakəʃkem, ispanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ispaneʃem | ispan-βlakeʃ | ispan-βlakeʃem, ispanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |