Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakam | om jortak |
| 2SG: | jortakat | ot jortak |
| 3SG: | jortakeš | ok/ogeš jortak |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jortak |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jortak |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑t | ogə̑t jortak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakə̑m | šə̑m jortak |
| 2SG: | jortakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jortak |
| 3SG: | jortake | ə̑š jortak |
| 1PL: | jortakna | ə̑šna jortak |
| 2PL: | jortakda | ə̑šda jortak |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑č́ | ə̑št jortak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakə̑nam | jortakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jortakə̑nat | jortakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jortakə̑n | jortakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑nna | jortakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑nda | jortakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑nə̑t | jortakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakam ə̑l'e | om jortak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortakat ə̑l'e | ot jortak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jortakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jortak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jortak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jortak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jortak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakam ulmaš | om jortak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jortakat ulmaš | ot jortak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jortakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jortak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jortak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jortak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jortak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakə̑nam ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortakə̑nat ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jortakə̑n ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑nna ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑nda ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | jortakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortakə̑nam ulmaš | jortakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jortakə̑nat ulmaš | jortakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jortakə̑n ulmaš | jortakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jortakə̑nna ulmaš | jortakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jortakə̑nda ulmaš | jortakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | jortakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jortak | it jortak |
| 3SG: | jortakše | ə̑nže jortak |
| 1PL: | (jortakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jortak) |
| 2PL: | jortaksa | ida jortak |
| 3PL: | jortakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jortak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortaknem | ə̑nem jortak |
| 2SG: | jortaknet | ə̑net jortak |
| 3SG: | jortakneže | ə̑než jortak |
| 1PL: | jortaknena | ə̑nena jortak |
| 2PL: | jortakneda | ə̑neda jortak |
| 3PL: | jortaknešt | ə̑nešt jortak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | jortaknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jortak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jortak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jortakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jortak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jortak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jortakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jortak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jortaknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jortak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jortaknet ulmaš | ə̑net jortak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jortakneže ulmaš | ə̑než jortak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jortakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jortak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jortaknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jortak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jortakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jortakman |
| Active participle: | jortakše |
| Passive participle: | jortakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jortakšaš |
| Negative participle: | jortakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jortakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | jortakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jortakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jortakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jortakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jortakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jortakdə̑maš |
