Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josam | om jos |
| 2SG: | josat | ot jos |
| 3SG: | joseš | ok/ogeš jos |
| 1PL: | josə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jos |
| 2PL: | josə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jos |
| 3PL: | josə̑t | ogə̑t jos |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josə̑m | šə̑m jos |
| 2SG: | josə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jos |
| 3SG: | joso | ə̑š jos |
| 1PL: | josna | ə̑šna jos |
| 2PL: | josda | ə̑šda jos |
| 3PL: | josə̑č́ | ə̑št jos |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josə̑nam | josə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | josə̑nat | josə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | josə̑n | josə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | josə̑nna | josə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | josə̑nda | josə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | josə̑nə̑t | josə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josam ə̑l'e | om jos ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | josat ə̑l'e | ot jos ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joseš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jos ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | josə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jos ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | josə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jos ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | josə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jos ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josam ulmaš | om jos ulmaš |
| 2SG: | josat ulmaš | ot jos ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joseš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jos ulmaš |
| 1PL: | josə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jos ulmaš |
| 2PL: | josə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jos ulmaš |
| 3PL: | josə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jos ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josə̑nam ə̑l'e | josə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | josə̑nat ə̑l'e | josə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | josə̑n ə̑l'e | josə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | josə̑nna ə̑l'e | josə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | josə̑nda ə̑l'e | josə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | josə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | josə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josə̑nam ulmaš | josə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | josə̑nat ulmaš | josə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | josə̑n ulmaš | josə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | josə̑nna ulmaš | josə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | josə̑nda ulmaš | josə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | josə̑nə̑t ulmaš | josə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jos | it jos |
| 3SG: | josšo | ə̑nže jos |
| 1PL: | (josə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jos) |
| 2PL: | jossa | ida jos |
| 3PL: | josə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jos |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josnem | ə̑nem jos |
| 2SG: | josnet | ə̑net jos |
| 3SG: | josneže | ə̑než jos |
| 1PL: | josnena | ə̑nena jos |
| 2PL: | josneda | ə̑neda jos |
| 3PL: | josnešt | ə̑nešt jos |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | josnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jos ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | josnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jos ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | josneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jos ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | josnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jos ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | josneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jos ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | josnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jos ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | josnet ulmaš | ə̑net jos ulmaš |
| 3SG: | josneže ulmaš | ə̑než jos ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | josneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jos ulmaš |
| 3PL: | josnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jos ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | josaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | josman |
| Active participle: | josšo |
| Passive participle: | josmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | josšaš |
| Negative participle: | josdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | josə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | josde |
| Gerund of prior action: | josmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | josmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | josšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | josmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | josdə̑maš |
