Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)am | om joškar(ge) |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)at | ot joškar(ge) |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ješ | ok/ogeš joškar(ge) |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na joškar(ge) |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da joškar(ge) |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑t | ogə̑t joškar(ge) |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑m | šə̑m joškar(ge) |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ joškar(ge) |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)je | ə̑š joškar(ge) |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)na | ə̑šna joškar(ge) |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)da | ə̑šda joškar(ge) |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑č́ | ə̑št joškar(ge) |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nam | joškar(ge)ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nat | joškar(ge)ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑n | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nna | joškar(ge)ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nda | joškar(ge)ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nə̑t | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)am ə̑l'e | om joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)at ə̑l'e | ot joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ješ ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)am ulmaš | om joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)at ulmaš | ot joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ješ ulmaš | ok/ogeš joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t joškar(ge) ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nam ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nat ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑n ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nna ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nda ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nam ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑nat ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)ə̑n ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nna ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nda ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | joškar(ge)ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge) | it joškar(ge) |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)že | ə̑nže joškar(ge) |
| 1PL: | (joškar(ge)ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na joškar(ge)) |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)za | ida joškar(ge) |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)ə̑št | ə̑nə̑št joškar(ge) |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)nem | ə̑nem joškar(ge) |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)net | ə̑net joškar(ge) |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)neže | ə̑než joškar(ge) |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)nena | ə̑nena joškar(ge) |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)neda | ə̑neda joškar(ge) |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)nešt | ə̑nešt joškar(ge) |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | joškar(ge)nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joškar(ge)nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt joškar(ge) ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joškar(ge)net ulmaš | ə̑net joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joškar(ge)neže ulmaš | ə̑než joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | joškar(ge)neda ulmaš | ə̑neda joškar(ge) ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joškar(ge)nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt joškar(ge) ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | joškar(ge)aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | joškar(ge)man |
| Active participle: | joškar(ge)še |
| Passive participle: | joškar(ge)me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | joškar(ge)šaš |
| Negative participle: | joškar(ge)də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | joškar(ge)ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | joškar(ge)de |
| Gerund of prior action: | joškar(ge)mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | joškar(ge)meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | joškar(ge)šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | joškar(ge)maš |
| Negative nominalization: | joškar(ge)də̑maš |
