Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakam | om kaβakaraka |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakat | ot kaβakaraka |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaš | ok/ogeš kaβakaraka |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβakaraka |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβakaraka |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑t | ogə̑t kaβakaraka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakaə̑m | šə̑m kaβakaraka |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβakaraka |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaje | ə̑š kaβakaraka |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakana | ə̑šna kaβakaraka |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakada | ə̑šda kaβakaraka |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβakaraka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nam | kaβakarakaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nat | kaβakarakaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaə̑n | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nna | kaβakarakaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nda | kaβakarakaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nə̑t | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakam ə̑l'e | om kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakat ə̑l'e | ot kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakam ulmaš | om kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakat ulmaš | ot kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβakaraka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nam ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakaə̑nat ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaə̑n ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nna ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nda ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβakarakaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβakaraka | it kaβakaraka |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaže | ə̑nže kaβakaraka |
| 1PL: | (kaβakarakaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβakaraka) |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaza | ida kaβakaraka |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakašt | ə̑nə̑št kaβakaraka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakanem | ə̑nem kaβakaraka |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakanet | ə̑net kaβakaraka |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaneže | ə̑než kaβakaraka |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakanena | ə̑nena kaβakaraka |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaneda | ə̑neda kaβakaraka |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakanešt | ə̑nešt kaβakaraka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβakarakanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβakarakanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβakaraka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβakarakanet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβakarakaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaβakarakaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβakaraka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβakarakanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβakaraka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaβakarakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaβakarakaman |
| Active participle: | kaβakarakaše |
| Passive participle: | kaβakarakame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaβakarakašaš |
| Negative participle: | kaβakarakadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβakarakaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaβakarakade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaβakarakamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaβakarakameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβakarakašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaβakarakamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaβakarakadə̑maš |
