Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanam | om kaβan |
| 2SG: | kaβanat | ot kaβan |
| 3SG: | kaβaneš | ok/ogeš kaβan |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβan |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβan |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑t | ogə̑t kaβan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβańə̑m | šə̑m kaβan |
| 2SG: | kaβańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβan |
| 3SG: | kaβańe | ə̑š kaβan |
| 1PL: | kaβanna | ə̑šna kaβan |
| 2PL: | kaβanda | ə̑šda kaβan |
| 3PL: | kaβańə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanə̑nam | kaβanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβanə̑nat | kaβanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβanə̑n | kaβanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑nna | kaβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑nda | kaβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑nə̑t | kaβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanam ə̑l'e | om kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβanat ə̑l'e | ot kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanam ulmaš | om kaβan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβanat ulmaš | ot kaβan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβanə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβanə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanə̑nam ulmaš | kaβanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβanə̑nat ulmaš | kaβanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβanə̑n ulmaš | kaβanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβanə̑nna ulmaš | kaβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβanə̑nda ulmaš | kaβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβan | it kaβan |
| 3SG: | kaβanže | ə̑nže kaβan |
| 1PL: | (kaβanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβan) |
| 2PL: | kaβanza | ida kaβan |
| 3PL: | kaβanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaβan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβannem | ə̑nem kaβan |
| 2SG: | kaβannet | ə̑net kaβan |
| 3SG: | kaβanneže | ə̑než kaβan |
| 1PL: | kaβannena | ə̑nena kaβan |
| 2PL: | kaβanneda | ə̑neda kaβan |
| 3PL: | kaβannešt | ə̑nešt kaβan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβannet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβanneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaβanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaβanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaβanman |
| Active participle: | kaβanše |
| Passive participle: | kaβanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaβanšaš |
| Negative participle: | kaβandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaβande |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaβanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaβanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaβanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaβandə̑maš |
