Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβam | om kaβa |
| 2SG: | kaβat | ot kaβa |
| 3SG: | kaβaš | ok/ogeš kaβa |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβa |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβa |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑t | ogə̑t kaβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβaə̑m | šə̑m kaβa |
| 2SG: | kaβaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβa |
| 3SG: | kaβaje | ə̑š kaβa |
| 1PL: | kaβana | ə̑šna kaβa |
| 2PL: | kaβada | ə̑šda kaβa |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβaə̑nam | kaβaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβaə̑nat | kaβaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβaə̑n | kaβaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑nna | kaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑nda | kaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑nə̑t | kaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβam ə̑l'e | om kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβat ə̑l'e | ot kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβam ulmaš | om kaβa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβat ulmaš | ot kaβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβaə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβaə̑nam ulmaš | kaβaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβaə̑nat ulmaš | kaβaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβaə̑n ulmaš | kaβaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβaə̑nna ulmaš | kaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβaə̑nda ulmaš | kaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβa | it kaβa |
| 3SG: | kaβaže | ə̑nže kaβa |
| 1PL: | (kaβaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβa) |
| 2PL: | kaβaza | ida kaβa |
| 3PL: | kaβašt | ə̑nə̑št kaβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanem | ə̑nem kaβa |
| 2SG: | kaβanet | ə̑net kaβa |
| 3SG: | kaβaneže | ə̑než kaβa |
| 1PL: | kaβanena | ə̑nena kaβa |
| 2PL: | kaβaneda | ə̑neda kaβa |
| 3PL: | kaβanešt | ə̑nešt kaβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβanet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaβaman |
| Active participle: | kaβaše |
| Passive participle: | kaβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaβašaš |
| Negative participle: | kaβadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaβameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaβamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaβadə̑maš |
