Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimam | om kaim |
| 2SG: | kaimat | ot kaim |
| 3SG: | kaimeš | ok/ogeš kaim |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaim |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaim |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑t | ogə̑t kaim |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimə̑m | šə̑m kaim |
| 2SG: | kaimə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaim |
| 3SG: | kaime | ə̑š kaim |
| 1PL: | kaimna | ə̑šna kaim |
| 2PL: | kaimda | ə̑šda kaim |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑č́ | ə̑št kaim |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimə̑nam | kaimə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaimə̑nat | kaimə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaimə̑n | kaimə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑nna | kaimə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑nda | kaimə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑nə̑t | kaimə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimam ə̑l'e | om kaim ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaimat ə̑l'e | ot kaim ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaimeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaim ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaim ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaim ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaim ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimam ulmaš | om kaim ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaimat ulmaš | ot kaim ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaimeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaim ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaim ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaim ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaim ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaimə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaimə̑n ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaimə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimə̑nam ulmaš | kaimə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaimə̑nat ulmaš | kaimə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaimə̑n ulmaš | kaimə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaimə̑nna ulmaš | kaimə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaimə̑nda ulmaš | kaimə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaimə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaim | it kaim |
| 3SG: | kaimže | ə̑nže kaim |
| 1PL: | (kaimə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaim) |
| 2PL: | kaimza | ida kaim |
| 3PL: | kaimə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaim |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimnem | ə̑nem kaim |
| 2SG: | kaimnet | ə̑net kaim |
| 3SG: | kaimneže | ə̑než kaim |
| 1PL: | kaimnena | ə̑nena kaim |
| 2PL: | kaimneda | ə̑neda kaim |
| 3PL: | kaimnešt | ə̑nešt kaim |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaimnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaim ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaimnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaim ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaimneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaim ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaimnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaim ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaimneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaim ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaimnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaim ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaimnet ulmaš | ə̑net kaim ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaimneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaim ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaimneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaim ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaimnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaim ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaimaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaimman |
| Active participle: | kaimše |
| Passive participle: | kaimme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaimšaš |
| Negative participle: | kaimdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaimə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaimde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaimmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaimmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaimšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaimmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaimdə̑maš |
