Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akam | om kakl'aka |
| 2SG: | kakl'akat | ot kakl'aka |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaš | ok/ogeš kakl'aka |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kakl'aka |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kakl'aka |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑t | ogə̑t kakl'aka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akaə̑m | šə̑m kakl'aka |
| 2SG: | kakl'akaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kakl'aka |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaje | ə̑š kakl'aka |
| 1PL: | kakl'akana | ə̑šna kakl'aka |
| 2PL: | kakl'akada | ə̑šda kakl'aka |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑č́ | ə̑št kakl'aka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akaə̑nam | kakl'akaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kakl'akaə̑nat | kakl'akaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaə̑n | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑nna | kakl'akaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑nda | kakl'akaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑nə̑t | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akam ə̑l'e | om kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kakl'akat ə̑l'e | ot kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akam ulmaš | om kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kakl'akat ulmaš | ot kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kakl'aka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kakl'akaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaə̑n ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akaə̑nam ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kakl'akaə̑nat ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaə̑n ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kakl'akaə̑nna ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaə̑nda ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kakl'akaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kakl'akaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kakl'aka | it kakl'aka |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaže | ə̑nže kakl'aka |
| 1PL: | (kakl'akaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kakl'aka) |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaza | ida kakl'aka |
| 3PL: | kakl'akašt | ə̑nə̑št kakl'aka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akanem | ə̑nem kakl'aka |
| 2SG: | kakl'akanet | ə̑net kakl'aka |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaneže | ə̑než kakl'aka |
| 1PL: | kakl'akanena | ə̑nena kakl'aka |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaneda | ə̑neda kakl'aka |
| 3PL: | kakl'akanešt | ə̑nešt kakl'aka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kakl'akanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kakl'akanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kakl'akanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kakl'akanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kakl'aka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kakl'akanet ulmaš | ə̑net kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakl'akaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kakl'akaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kakl'aka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kakl'akanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kakl'aka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kakl'akaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kakl'akaman |
| Active participle: | kakl'akaše |
| Passive participle: | kakl'akame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kakl'akašaš |
| Negative participle: | kakl'akadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kakl'akaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kakl'akade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kakl'akamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kakl'akameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kakl'akašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kakl'akamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kakl'akadə̑maš |
