Paradigm Generator
Этот материал на данный момент доступен только на английском языке. Марийская и русская версии разрабатываются и скоро будут опубликованы.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakam | om kalak |
| 2SG: | kalakat | ot kalak |
| 3SG: | kalakeš | ok/ogeš kalak |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kalak |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kalak |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑t | ogə̑t kalak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakə̑m | šə̑m kalak |
| 2SG: | kalakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kalak |
| 3SG: | kalake | ə̑š kalak |
| 1PL: | kalakna | ə̑šna kalak |
| 2PL: | kalakda | ə̑šda kalak |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑č́ | ə̑št kalak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakə̑nam | kalakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kalakə̑nat | kalakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kalakə̑n | kalakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑nna | kalakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑nda | kalakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑nə̑t | kalakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakam ə̑l'e | om kalak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kalakat ə̑l'e | ot kalak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kalakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kalak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kalak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kalak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kalak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakam ulmaš | om kalak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kalakat ulmaš | ot kalak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kalakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kalak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kalak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kalak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kalak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakə̑nam ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kalakə̑nat ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kalakə̑n ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑nna ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑nda ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kalakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalakə̑nam ulmaš | kalakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kalakə̑nat ulmaš | kalakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kalakə̑n ulmaš | kalakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kalakə̑nna ulmaš | kalakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kalakə̑nda ulmaš | kalakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kalakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kalak | it kalak |
| 3SG: | kalakše | ə̑nže kalak |
| 1PL: | (kalakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kalak) |
| 2PL: | kalaksa | ida kalak |
| 3PL: | kalakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kalak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalaknem | ə̑nem kalak |
| 2SG: | kalaknet | ə̑net kalak |
| 3SG: | kalakneže | ə̑než kalak |
| 1PL: | kalaknena | ə̑nena kalak |
| 2PL: | kalakneda | ə̑neda kalak |
| 3PL: | kalaknešt | ə̑nešt kalak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kalaknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kalak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kalaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kalak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kalakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kalak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kalaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kalak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kalakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kalak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kalaknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kalak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kalaknet ulmaš | ə̑net kalak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kalakneže ulmaš | ə̑než kalak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kalakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kalak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kalaknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kalak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kalakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kalakman |
| Active participle: | kalakše |
| Passive participle: | kalakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kalakšaš |
| Negative participle: | kalakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kalakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kalakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kalakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kalakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kalakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kalakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kalakdə̑maš |
