Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃam | om karaguʃ |
| 2SG: | karaguʃat | ot karaguʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃeʃ | ok/ogeʃ karaguʃ |
| 1PL: | karaguʃəna | ona/ogəna karaguʃ |
| 2PL: | karaguʃəda | oda/ogəda karaguʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃət | ogət karaguʃ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃəm | ʃəm karaguʃ |
| 2SG: | karaguʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ karaguʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃo | əʃ karaguʃ |
| 1PL: | karaguʃna | əʃna karaguʃ |
| 2PL: | karaguʃda | əʃda karaguʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃət͡ɕ | əʃt karaguʃ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃənam | karaguʃən oməl |
| 2SG: | karaguʃənat | karaguʃən otəl |
| 3SG: | karaguʃən | karaguʃən ogəl |
| 1PL: | karaguʃənːa | karaguʃən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | karaguʃənda | karaguʃən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | karaguʃənət | karaguʃən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃam əʎe | om karaguʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | karaguʃat əʎe | ot karaguʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | karaguʃeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ karaguʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | karaguʃəna əʎe | ona/ogəna karaguʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | karaguʃəda əʎe | oda/ogəda karaguʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | karaguʃət əʎe | ogət karaguʃ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃam ulmaʃ | om karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | karaguʃat ulmaʃ | ot karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | karaguʃəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | karaguʃəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃət ulmaʃ | ogət karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃənam əʎe | karaguʃən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | karaguʃənat əʎe | karaguʃən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | karaguʃən əʎe | karaguʃən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | karaguʃənːa əʎe | karaguʃən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | karaguʃənda əʎe | karaguʃən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | karaguʃənət əʎe | karaguʃən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃənam ulmaʃ | karaguʃən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | karaguʃənat ulmaʃ | karaguʃən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃən ulmaʃ | karaguʃən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | karaguʃənːa ulmaʃ | karaguʃən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | karaguʃənda ulmaʃ | karaguʃən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃənət ulmaʃ | karaguʃən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karaguʃ | it karaguʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃːo | ənʒe karaguʃ |
| 1PL: | (karaguʃəna) | (ona/ogəna karaguʃ) |
| 2PL: | karaguʃsa | ida karaguʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃəʃt | ənəʃt karaguʃ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃnem | ənem karaguʃ |
| 2SG: | karaguʃnet | ənet karaguʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃneʒe | əneʒ karaguʃ |
| 1PL: | karaguʃnena | ənena karaguʃ |
| 2PL: | karaguʃneda | əneda karaguʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃneʃt | əneʃt karaguʃ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karaguʃnem əʎe | ənem karaguʃ əʎe |
| 2SG: | karaguʃnena əʎe | ənet karaguʃ əʎe |
| 3SG: | karaguʃneʒe əʎe | əneʒ karaguʃ əʎe |
| 1PL: | karaguʃnena əʎe | ənena karaguʃ əʎe |
| 2PL: | karaguʃneda əʎe | əneda karaguʃ əʎe |
| 3PL: | karaguʃneʃt əʎe | əneʃt karaguʃ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karaguʃnet ulmaʃ | ənet karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | karaguʃneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | karaguʃneda ulmaʃ | əneda karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | karaguʃneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt karaguʃ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | karaguʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | karaguʃman |
| Active participle: | karaguʃːo |
| Passive participle: | karaguʃmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | karaguʃːaʃ |
| Negative participle: | karaguʃdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | karaguʃən |
| Negative gerund: | karaguʃde |
| Gerund of prior action: | karaguʃmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | karaguʃmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | karaguʃːəla |
| Nominalization: | karaguʃmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | karaguʃdəmaʃ |
