Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́em	om karapč́e
2SG:	karapč́et	ot karapč́e
3SG:	karapč́a	ok/ogeš karapč́e
1PL:	karapč́ena	ona/ogə̑na karapč́e
2PL:	karapč́eda	oda/ogə̑da karapč́e
3PL:	karapč́at	ogə̑t karapč́e

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́ə̑šə̑m	šə̑m karapč́e
2SG:	karapč́ə̑šə̑č́	šə̑č́ karapč́e
3SG:	karapč́ə̑š	ə̑š karapč́e
1PL:	karapč́ə̑šna	ə̑šna karapč́e
2PL:	karapč́ə̑šda	ə̑šda karapč́e
3PL:	karapč́ə̑št	ə̑št karapč́e

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́enam	karapč́en omə̑l
2SG:	karapč́enat	karapč́en otə̑l
3SG:	karapč́en	karapč́en ogə̑l
1PL:	karapč́enna	karapč́en onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:	karapč́enda	karapč́en odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:	karapč́enə̑t	karapč́en ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́em ə̑l'e	om karapč́e ə̑l'e
2SG:	karapč́et ə̑l'e	ot karapč́e ə̑l'e
3SG:	karapč́a ə̑l'e	ok/ogeš karapč́e ə̑l'e
1PL:	karapč́ena ə̑l'e	ona/ogə̑na karapč́e ə̑l'e
2PL:	karapč́eda ə̑l'e	oda/ogə̑da karapč́e ə̑l'e
3PL:	karapč́at ə̑l'e	ogə̑t karapč́e ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́em ulmaš	om karapč́e ulmaš
2SG:	karapč́et ulmaš	ot karapč́e ulmaš
3SG:	karapč́a ulmaš	ok/ogeš karapč́e ulmaš
1PL:	karapč́ena ulmaš	ona/ogə̑na karapč́e ulmaš
2PL:	karapč́eda ulmaš	oda/ogə̑da karapč́e ulmaš
3PL:	karapč́at ulmaš	ogə̑t karapč́e ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́enam ə̑l'e	karapč́en omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:	karapč́enat ə̑l'e	karapč́en otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:	karapč́en ə̑l'e	karapč́en ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:	karapč́enna ə̑l'e	karapč́en onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:	karapč́enda ə̑l'e	karapč́en odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:	karapč́en ə̑l'e	karapč́en ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́enam ulmaš	karapč́en omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:	karapč́enat ulmaš	karapč́en otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:	karapč́en ulmaš	karapč́en ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:	karapč́enna ulmaš	karapč́en onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:	karapč́enda ulmaš	karapč́en odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:	karapč́en ulmaš	karapč́en ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	karapč́e	it karapč́e
3SG:	karapč́ə̑že	ə̑nže karapč́e
1PL:	(karapč́ena)	(ona/ogə̑na karapč́e)
2PL:	karapč́ə̑za	ida karapč́e
3PL:	karapč́ə̑št	ə̑nə̑št karapč́e

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́ə̑nem	ə̑nem karapč́e
2SG:	karapč́ə̑net	ə̑net karapč́e
3SG:	karapč́ə̑neže	ə̑než karapč́e
1PL:	karapč́ə̑nena	ə̑nena karapč́e
2PL:	karapč́ə̑neda	ə̑neda karapč́e
3PL:	karapč́ə̑nešt	ə̑nešt karapč́e

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	karapč́ə̑nem ə̑l'e	ə̑nem karapč́e ə̑l'e
2SG:	karapč́ə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑net karapč́e ə̑l'e
3SG:	karapč́ə̑neže ə̑l'e	ə̑než karapč́e ə̑l'e
1PL:	karapč́ə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑nena karapč́e ə̑l'e
2PL:	karapč́ə̑neda ə̑l'e	ə̑neda karapč́e ə̑l'e
3PL:	karapč́ə̑nešt ə̑l'e	ə̑nešt karapč́e ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	karapč́ə̑net ulmaš	ə̑net karapč́e ulmaš
3SG:	karapč́ə̑neže ulmaš	ə̑než karapč́e ulmaš
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	karapč́ə̑neda ulmaš	ə̑neda karapč́e ulmaš
3PL:	karapč́ə̑nešt ulmaš	ə̑nešt karapč́e ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	karapč́aš
Necessitive infinitive:	karapč́ə̑man
Active participle:	karapč́ə̑še
Passive participle:	karapč́ə̑me
Future-necessitive participle:	karapč́ə̑šaš
Negative participle:	karapč́ə̑də̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:	karapč́en
Negative gerund:	karapč́ə̑de
Gerund of prior action:	karapč́ə̑mek(e)
Gerund of future action:	karapč́ə̑meš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	karapč́ə̑šə̑la
Nominalization:	karapč́ə̑maš
Negative nominalization:	karapč́ə̑də̑maš


The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Last update: 10 August 2023

	○ Nominal	● Verb	○ Postposition
Conjugation class:	● Determine from input	○ First	○ Second
Orthography:	○ Cyrillic	● UPA	○ IPA