Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardam | om karda |
| 2SG: | kardat | ot karda |
| 3SG: | kardaš | ok/ogeš karda |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na karda |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da karda |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑t | ogə̑t karda |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardaə̑m | šə̑m karda |
| 2SG: | kardaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ karda |
| 3SG: | kardaje | ə̑š karda |
| 1PL: | kardana | ə̑šna karda |
| 2PL: | kardada | ə̑šda karda |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑č́ | ə̑št karda |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardaə̑nam | kardaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kardaə̑nat | kardaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kardaə̑n | kardaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑nna | kardaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑nda | kardaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑nə̑t | kardaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardam ə̑l'e | om karda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kardat ə̑l'e | ot karda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kardaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš karda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na karda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da karda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t karda ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardam ulmaš | om karda ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kardat ulmaš | ot karda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kardaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš karda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na karda ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da karda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t karda ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kardaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kardaə̑n ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kardaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardaə̑nam ulmaš | kardaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kardaə̑nat ulmaš | kardaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kardaə̑n ulmaš | kardaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kardaə̑nna ulmaš | kardaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kardaə̑nda ulmaš | kardaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kardaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kardaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karda | it karda |
| 3SG: | kardaže | ə̑nže karda |
| 1PL: | (kardaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na karda) |
| 2PL: | kardaza | ida karda |
| 3PL: | kardašt | ə̑nə̑št karda |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardanem | ə̑nem karda |
| 2SG: | kardanet | ə̑net karda |
| 3SG: | kardaneže | ə̑než karda |
| 1PL: | kardanena | ə̑nena karda |
| 2PL: | kardaneda | ə̑neda karda |
| 3PL: | kardanešt | ə̑nešt karda |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kardanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem karda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kardanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net karda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kardaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než karda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kardanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena karda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kardaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda karda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kardanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt karda ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kardanet ulmaš | ə̑net karda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kardaneže ulmaš | ə̑než karda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kardaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda karda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kardanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt karda ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kardaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kardaman |
| Active participle: | kardaše |
| Passive participle: | kardame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kardašaš |
| Negative participle: | kardadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kardaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kardade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kardamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kardameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kardašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kardamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kardadə̑maš |
