Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanam | om karman |
| 2SG: | karmanat | ot karman |
| 3SG: | karmaneš | ok/ogeš karman |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na karman |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da karman |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑t | ogə̑t karman |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmańə̑m | šə̑m karman |
| 2SG: | karmańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ karman |
| 3SG: | karmańe | ə̑š karman |
| 1PL: | karmanna | ə̑šna karman |
| 2PL: | karmanda | ə̑šda karman |
| 3PL: | karmańə̑č́ | ə̑št karman |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanə̑nam | karmanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | karmanə̑nat | karmanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | karmanə̑n | karmanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑nna | karmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑nda | karmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑nə̑t | karmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanam ə̑l'e | om karman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karmanat ə̑l'e | ot karman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | karmaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš karman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na karman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da karman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t karman ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanam ulmaš | om karman ulmaš |
| 2SG: | karmanat ulmaš | ot karman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | karmaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš karman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na karman ulmaš |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da karman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t karman ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanə̑nam ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karmanə̑nat ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | karmanə̑n ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑nna ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑nda ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | karmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmanə̑nam ulmaš | karmanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | karmanə̑nat ulmaš | karmanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | karmanə̑n ulmaš | karmanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | karmanə̑nna ulmaš | karmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | karmanə̑nda ulmaš | karmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | karmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karman | it karman |
| 3SG: | karmanže | ə̑nže karman |
| 1PL: | (karmanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na karman) |
| 2PL: | karmanza | ida karman |
| 3PL: | karmanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št karman |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmannem | ə̑nem karman |
| 2SG: | karmannet | ə̑net karman |
| 3SG: | karmanneže | ə̑než karman |
| 1PL: | karmannena | ə̑nena karman |
| 2PL: | karmanneda | ə̑neda karman |
| 3PL: | karmannešt | ə̑nešt karman |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | karmannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem karman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | karmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net karman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | karmanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než karman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | karmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena karman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | karmanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda karman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | karmannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt karman ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karmannet ulmaš | ə̑net karman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | karmanneže ulmaš | ə̑než karman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | karmanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda karman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | karmannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt karman ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | karmanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | karmanman |
| Active participle: | karmanše |
| Passive participle: | karmanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | karmanšaš |
| Negative participle: | karmandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | karmanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | karmande |
| Gerund of prior action: | karmanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | karmanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | karmanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | karmanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | karmandə̑maš |
