Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartam | om karta |
| 2SG: | kartat | ot karta |
| 3SG: | kartaš | ok/ogeš karta |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na karta |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da karta |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑t | ogə̑t karta |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartaə̑m | šə̑m karta |
| 2SG: | kartaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ karta |
| 3SG: | kartaje | ə̑š karta |
| 1PL: | kartana | ə̑šna karta |
| 2PL: | kartada | ə̑šda karta |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑č́ | ə̑št karta |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartaə̑nam | kartaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kartaə̑nat | kartaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kartaə̑n | kartaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑nna | kartaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑nda | kartaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑nə̑t | kartaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartam ə̑l'e | om karta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kartat ə̑l'e | ot karta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kartaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš karta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na karta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da karta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t karta ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartam ulmaš | om karta ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kartat ulmaš | ot karta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kartaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš karta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na karta ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da karta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t karta ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kartaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kartaə̑n ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kartaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartaə̑nam ulmaš | kartaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kartaə̑nat ulmaš | kartaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kartaə̑n ulmaš | kartaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kartaə̑nna ulmaš | kartaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kartaə̑nda ulmaš | kartaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kartaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kartaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | karta | it karta |
| 3SG: | kartaže | ə̑nže karta |
| 1PL: | (kartaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na karta) |
| 2PL: | kartaza | ida karta |
| 3PL: | kartašt | ə̑nə̑št karta |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartanem | ə̑nem karta |
| 2SG: | kartanet | ə̑net karta |
| 3SG: | kartaneže | ə̑než karta |
| 1PL: | kartanena | ə̑nena karta |
| 2PL: | kartaneda | ə̑neda karta |
| 3PL: | kartanešt | ə̑nešt karta |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kartanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem karta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kartanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net karta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kartaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než karta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kartanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena karta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kartaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda karta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kartanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt karta ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kartanet ulmaš | ə̑net karta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kartaneže ulmaš | ə̑než karta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kartaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda karta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kartanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt karta ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kartaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kartaman |
| Active participle: | kartaše |
| Passive participle: | kartame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kartašaš |
| Negative participle: | kartadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kartaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kartade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kartamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kartameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kartašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kartamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kartadə̑maš |
