Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lam | om kaβə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lat | ot kaβə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑leš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑l |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑l |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑t | ogə̑t kaβə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑l'ə̑m | šə̑m kaβə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑l'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑l'e | ə̑š kaβə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lna | ə̑šna kaβə̑l |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lda | ə̑šda kaβə̑l |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑l'ə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nam | kaβə̑lə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nat | kaβə̑lə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lə̑n | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nna | kaβə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nda | kaβə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nə̑t | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lam ə̑l'e | om kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lat ə̑l'e | ot kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑leš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lam ulmaš | om kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lat ulmaš | ot kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑leš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβə̑l ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nam ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lə̑nat ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lə̑n ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nna ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nda ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑l | it kaβə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lže | ə̑nže kaβə̑l |
| 1PL: | (kaβə̑lə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑l) |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lza | ida kaβə̑l |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaβə̑l |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lnem | ə̑nem kaβə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lnet | ə̑net kaβə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lneže | ə̑než kaβə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lnena | ə̑nena kaβə̑l |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lneda | ə̑neda kaβə̑l |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lnešt | ə̑nešt kaβə̑l |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑lnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβə̑l ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑lnet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑lneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑lneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑lnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβə̑l ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaβə̑laš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaβə̑lman |
| Active participle: | kaβə̑lše |
| Passive participle: | kaβə̑lme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaβə̑lšaš |
| Negative participle: | kaβə̑ldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβə̑lə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaβə̑lde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaβə̑lmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaβə̑lmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβə̑lšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaβə̑lmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaβə̑ldə̑maš |
