Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑ram | om kaβə̑r |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rat | ot kaβə̑r |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑reš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑r |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑r |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑r |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑t | ogə̑t kaβə̑r |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rə̑m | šə̑m kaβə̑r |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβə̑r |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑re | ə̑š kaβə̑r |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rna | ə̑šna kaβə̑r |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rda | ə̑šda kaβə̑r |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβə̑r |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nam | kaβə̑rə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nat | kaβə̑rə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rə̑n | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nna | kaβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nda | kaβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nə̑t | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑ram ə̑l'e | om kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rat ə̑l'e | ot kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑reš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑ram ulmaš | om kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rat ulmaš | ot kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑reš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβə̑r ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nam ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rə̑nat ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rə̑n ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nna ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nda ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑r | it kaβə̑r |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rže | ə̑nže kaβə̑r |
| 1PL: | (kaβə̑rə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑r) |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rza | ida kaβə̑r |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaβə̑r |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rnem | ə̑nem kaβə̑r |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rnet | ə̑net kaβə̑r |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rneže | ə̑než kaβə̑r |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rnena | ə̑nena kaβə̑r |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rneda | ə̑neda kaβə̑r |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rnešt | ə̑nešt kaβə̑r |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaβə̑rnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaβə̑rnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβə̑r ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaβə̑rnet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaβə̑rneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaβə̑rneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaβə̑rnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβə̑r ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaβə̑raš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaβə̑rman |
| Active participle: | kaβə̑rše |
| Passive participle: | kaβə̑rme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaβə̑ršaš |
| Negative participle: | kaβə̑rdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβə̑rə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaβə̑rde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaβə̑rmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaβə̑rmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβə̑ršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaβə̑rmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaβə̑rdə̑maš |
