Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkam | om kirka |
| 2SG: | kirkat | ot kirka |
| 3SG: | kirkaš | ok/ogeš kirka |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kirka |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kirka |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑t | ogə̑t kirka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkaə̑m | šə̑m kirka |
| 2SG: | kirkaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kirka |
| 3SG: | kirkaje | ə̑š kirka |
| 1PL: | kirkana | ə̑šna kirka |
| 2PL: | kirkada | ə̑šda kirka |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑č́ | ə̑št kirka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkaə̑nam | kirkaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kirkaə̑nat | kirkaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kirkaə̑n | kirkaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑nna | kirkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑nda | kirkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑nə̑t | kirkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkam ə̑l'e | om kirka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kirkat ə̑l'e | ot kirka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kirkaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kirka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kirka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kirka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kirka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkam ulmaš | om kirka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kirkat ulmaš | ot kirka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kirkaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kirka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kirka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kirka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kirka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kirkaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kirkaə̑n ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kirkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkaə̑nam ulmaš | kirkaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kirkaə̑nat ulmaš | kirkaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kirkaə̑n ulmaš | kirkaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kirkaə̑nna ulmaš | kirkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kirkaə̑nda ulmaš | kirkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kirkaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kirkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kirka | it kirka |
| 3SG: | kirkaže | ə̑nže kirka |
| 1PL: | (kirkaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kirka) |
| 2PL: | kirkaza | ida kirka |
| 3PL: | kirkašt | ə̑nə̑št kirka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkanem | ə̑nem kirka |
| 2SG: | kirkanet | ə̑net kirka |
| 3SG: | kirkaneže | ə̑než kirka |
| 1PL: | kirkanena | ə̑nena kirka |
| 2PL: | kirkaneda | ə̑neda kirka |
| 3PL: | kirkanešt | ə̑nešt kirka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kirkanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kirka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kirkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kirka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kirkaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kirka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kirkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kirka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kirkaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kirka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kirkanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kirka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kirkanet ulmaš | ə̑net kirka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kirkaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kirka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kirkaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kirka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kirkanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kirka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kirkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kirkaman |
| Active participle: | kirkaše |
| Passive participle: | kirkame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kirkašaš |
| Negative participle: | kirkadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kirkaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kirkade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kirkamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kirkameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kirkašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kirkamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kirkadə̑maš |
