Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagam | om knaga |
| 2SG: | knagat | ot knaga |
| 3SG: | knagaš | ok/ogeš knaga |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na knaga |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da knaga |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑t | ogə̑t knaga |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagaə̑m | šə̑m knaga |
| 2SG: | knagaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ knaga |
| 3SG: | knagaje | ə̑š knaga |
| 1PL: | knagana | ə̑šna knaga |
| 2PL: | knagada | ə̑šda knaga |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑č́ | ə̑št knaga |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagaə̑nam | knagaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | knagaə̑nat | knagaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | knagaə̑n | knagaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑nna | knagaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑nda | knagaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑nə̑t | knagaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagam ə̑l'e | om knaga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knagat ə̑l'e | ot knaga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knagaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš knaga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na knaga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da knaga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t knaga ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagam ulmaš | om knaga ulmaš |
| 2SG: | knagat ulmaš | ot knaga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knagaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš knaga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na knaga ulmaš |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da knaga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t knaga ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagaə̑nam ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knagaə̑nat ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knagaə̑n ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑nna ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑nda ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | knagaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knagaə̑nam ulmaš | knagaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | knagaə̑nat ulmaš | knagaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knagaə̑n ulmaš | knagaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | knagaə̑nna ulmaš | knagaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | knagaə̑nda ulmaš | knagaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knagaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | knagaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knaga | it knaga |
| 3SG: | knagaže | ə̑nže knaga |
| 1PL: | (knagaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na knaga) |
| 2PL: | knagaza | ida knaga |
| 3PL: | knagašt | ə̑nə̑št knaga |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knaganem | ə̑nem knaga |
| 2SG: | knaganet | ə̑net knaga |
| 3SG: | knaganeže | ə̑než knaga |
| 1PL: | knaganena | ə̑nena knaga |
| 2PL: | knaganeda | ə̑neda knaga |
| 3PL: | knaganešt | ə̑nešt knaga |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knaganem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem knaga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knaganena ə̑l'e | ə̑net knaga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knaganeže ə̑l'e | ə̑než knaga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knaganena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena knaga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knaganeda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda knaga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knaganešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt knaga ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knaganet ulmaš | ə̑net knaga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knaganeže ulmaš | ə̑než knaga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | knaganeda ulmaš | ə̑neda knaga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knaganešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt knaga ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | knagaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | knagaman |
| Active participle: | knagaše |
| Passive participle: | knagame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | knagašaš |
| Negative participle: | knagadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | knagaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | knagade |
| Gerund of prior action: | knagamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | knagameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | knagašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | knagamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | knagadə̑maš |
