Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudem | om knigagudo |
| 2SG: | knigagudet | ot knigagudo |
| 3SG: | knigaguda | ok/ogeš knigagudo |
| 1PL: | knigagudena | ona/ogə̑na knigagudo |
| 2PL: | knigagudeda | oda/ogə̑da knigagudo |
| 3PL: | knigagudat | ogə̑t knigagudo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudə̑šə̑m | šə̑m knigagudo |
| 2SG: | knigagudə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ knigagudo |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑š | ə̑š knigagudo |
| 1PL: | knigagudə̑šna | ə̑šna knigagudo |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑šda | ə̑šda knigagudo |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑št | ə̑št knigagudo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudenam | knigaguden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | knigagudenat | knigaguden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | knigaguden | knigaguden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | knigagudenna | knigaguden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | knigagudenda | knigaguden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | knigagudenə̑t | knigaguden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudem ə̑l'e | om knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knigagudet ə̑l'e | ot knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knigaguda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knigagudena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knigagudeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knigagudat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t knigagudo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudem ulmaš | om knigagudo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | knigagudet ulmaš | ot knigagudo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knigaguda ulmaš | ok/ogeš knigagudo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | knigagudena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na knigagudo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | knigagudeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da knigagudo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knigagudat ulmaš | ogə̑t knigagudo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudenam ə̑l'e | knigaguden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knigagudenat ə̑l'e | knigaguden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knigaguden ə̑l'e | knigaguden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knigagudenna ə̑l'e | knigaguden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knigagudenda ə̑l'e | knigaguden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knigaguden ə̑l'e | knigaguden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudenam ulmaš | knigaguden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | knigagudenat ulmaš | knigaguden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knigaguden ulmaš | knigaguden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | knigagudenna ulmaš | knigaguden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | knigagudenda ulmaš | knigaguden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knigaguden ulmaš | knigaguden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knigagudo | it knigagudo |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑žo | ə̑nže knigagudo |
| 1PL: | (knigagudena) | (ona/ogə̑na knigagudo) |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑za | ida knigagudo |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑št | ə̑nə̑št knigagudo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudə̑nem | ə̑nem knigagudo |
| 2SG: | knigagudə̑net | ə̑net knigagudo |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑neže | ə̑než knigagudo |
| 1PL: | knigagudə̑nena | ə̑nena knigagudo |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑neda | ə̑neda knigagudo |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑nešt | ə̑nešt knigagudo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knigagudə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | knigagudə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | knigagudə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda knigagudo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt knigagudo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knigagudə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net knigagudo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než knigagudo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda knigagudo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt knigagudo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | knigagudaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | knigagudə̑man |
| Active participle: | knigagudə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | knigagudə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | knigagudə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | knigagudə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | knigaguden |
| Negative gerund: | knigagudə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | knigagudə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | knigagudə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | knigagudə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | knigagudə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | knigagudə̑də̑maš |
