Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkem | om knopko |
| 2SG: | knopket | ot knopko |
| 3SG: | knopka | ok/ogeʃ knopko |
| 1PL: | knopkena | ona/ogəna knopko |
| 2PL: | knopkeda | oda/ogəda knopko |
| 3PL: | knopkat | ogət knopko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkəʃəm | ʃəm knopko |
| 2SG: | knopkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ knopko |
| 3SG: | knopkəʃ | əʃ knopko |
| 1PL: | knopkəʃna | əʃna knopko |
| 2PL: | knopkəʃda | əʃda knopko |
| 3PL: | knopkəʃt | əʃt knopko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkenam | knopken oməl |
| 2SG: | knopkenat | knopken otəl |
| 3SG: | knopken | knopken ogəl |
| 1PL: | knopkenːa | knopken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | knopkenda | knopken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | knopkenət | knopken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkem əʎe | om knopko əʎe |
| 2SG: | knopket əʎe | ot knopko əʎe |
| 3SG: | knopka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ knopko əʎe |
| 1PL: | knopkena əʎe | ona/ogəna knopko əʎe |
| 2PL: | knopkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda knopko əʎe |
| 3PL: | knopkat əʎe | ogət knopko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkem ulmaʃ | om knopko ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | knopket ulmaʃ | ot knopko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | knopka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ knopko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | knopkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna knopko ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | knopkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda knopko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | knopkat ulmaʃ | ogət knopko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkenam əʎe | knopken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | knopkenat əʎe | knopken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | knopken əʎe | knopken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | knopkenːa əʎe | knopken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | knopkenda əʎe | knopken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | knopken əʎe | knopken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkenam ulmaʃ | knopken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | knopkenat ulmaʃ | knopken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | knopken ulmaʃ | knopken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | knopkenːa ulmaʃ | knopken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | knopkenda ulmaʃ | knopken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | knopken ulmaʃ | knopken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knopko | it knopko |
| 3SG: | knopkəʒo | ənʒe knopko |
| 1PL: | (knopkena) | (ona/ogəna knopko) |
| 2PL: | knopkəza | ida knopko |
| 3PL: | knopkəʃt | ənəʃt knopko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkənem | ənem knopko |
| 2SG: | knopkənet | ənet knopko |
| 3SG: | knopkəneʒe | əneʒ knopko |
| 1PL: | knopkənena | ənena knopko |
| 2PL: | knopkəneda | əneda knopko |
| 3PL: | knopkəneʃt | əneʃt knopko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | knopkənem əʎe | ənem knopko əʎe |
| 2SG: | knopkənena əʎe | ənet knopko əʎe |
| 3SG: | knopkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ knopko əʎe |
| 1PL: | knopkənena əʎe | ənena knopko əʎe |
| 2PL: | knopkəneda əʎe | əneda knopko əʎe |
| 3PL: | knopkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt knopko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | knopkənet ulmaʃ | ənet knopko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | knopkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ knopko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | knopkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda knopko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | knopkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt knopko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | knopkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | knopkəman |
| Active participle: | knopkəʃo |
| Passive participle: | knopkəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | knopkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | knopkədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | knopken |
| Negative gerund: | knopkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | knopkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | knopkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | knopkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | knopkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | knopkədəmaʃ |
