Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋam | om koβarč́aŋ |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋat | ot koβarč́aŋ |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋeš | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋ |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋ |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋ |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑t | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑m | šə̑m koβarč́aŋ |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβarč́aŋ |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋe | ə̑š koβarč́aŋ |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋna | ə̑šna koβarč́aŋ |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋda | ə̑šda koβarč́aŋ |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑č́ | ə̑št koβarč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nam | koβarč́aŋə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nat | koβarč́aŋə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑n | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nna | koβarč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nda | koβarč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nə̑t | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋam ə̑l'e | om koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋat ə̑l'e | ot koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋam ulmaš | om koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋat ulmaš | ot koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑n ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nam ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nat ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑n ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nna ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nda ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koβarč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋ | it koβarč́aŋ |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋže | ə̑nže koβarč́aŋ |
1PL: | (koβarč́aŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋ) |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋza | ida koβarč́aŋ |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβarč́aŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋnem | ə̑nem koβarč́aŋ |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋnet | ə̑net koβarč́aŋ |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋneže | ə̑než koβarč́aŋ |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋnena | ə̑nena koβarč́aŋ |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋneda | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋ |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋnešt | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβarč́aŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβarč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koβarč́aŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
3SG: | koβarč́aŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | koβarč́aŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
3PL: | koβarč́aŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | koβarč́aŋaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | koβarč́aŋman |
Active participle: | koβarč́aŋše |
Passive participle: | koβarč́aŋme |
Future-necessitive participle: | koβarč́aŋšaš |
Negative participle: | koβarč́aŋdə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβarč́aŋə̑n |
Negative gerund: | koβarč́aŋde |
Gerund of prior action: | koβarč́aŋmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | koβarč́aŋmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβarč́aŋšə̑la |
Nominalization: | koβarč́aŋmaš |
Negative nominalization: | koβarč́aŋdə̑maš |