Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luam | om koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luat | ot koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑lueš | ok/ogeš koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑t | ogə̑t koβarč́ə̑lu |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑m | šə̑m koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luo | ə̑š koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luna | ə̑šna koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luda | ə̑šda koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑č́ | ə̑št koβarč́ə̑lu |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nam | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nat | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nna | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nda | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nə̑t | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luam ə̑l'e | om koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luat ə̑l'e | ot koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑lueš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luam ulmaš | om koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luat ulmaš | ot koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑lueš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nam ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nat ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nna ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nda ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nam ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nat ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nna ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nda ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑lu | it koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑lužo | ə̑nže koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 1PL: | (koβarč́ə̑luə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koβarč́ə̑lu) |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luza | ida koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑lušt | ə̑nə̑št koβarč́ə̑lu |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑lunem | ə̑nem koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑lunet | ə̑net koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luneže | ə̑než koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑lunena | ə̑nena koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luneda | ə̑neda koβarč́ə̑lu |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑lunešt | ə̑nešt koβarč́ə̑lu |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́ə̑lunem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑lunena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́ə̑lunena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑lunešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβarč́ə̑lu ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβarč́ə̑lunet ulmaš | ə̑net koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́ə̑luneže ulmaš | ə̑než koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβarč́ə̑luneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́ə̑lunešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβarč́ə̑lu ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβarč́ə̑luaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβarč́ə̑luman |
| Active participle: | koβarč́ə̑lušo |
| Passive participle: | koβarč́ə̑lumo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβarč́ə̑lušaš |
| Negative participle: | koβarč́ə̑ludə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβarč́ə̑luə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | koβarč́ə̑lude |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβarč́ə̑lumek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβarč́ə̑lumeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβarč́ə̑lušə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβarč́ə̑lumaš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβarč́ə̑ludə̑maš |
