Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkem | om koβbojko |
| 2SG: | koβbojket | ot koβbojko |
| 3SG: | koβbojka | ok/ogeš koβbojko |
| 1PL: | koβbojkena | ona/ogə̑na koβbojko |
| 2PL: | koβbojkeda | oda/ogə̑da koβbojko |
| 3PL: | koβbojkat | ogə̑t koβbojko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkə̑šə̑m | šə̑m koβbojko |
| 2SG: | koβbojkə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβbojko |
| 3SG: | koβbojkə̑š | ə̑š koβbojko |
| 1PL: | koβbojkə̑šna | ə̑šna koβbojko |
| 2PL: | koβbojkə̑šda | ə̑šda koβbojko |
| 3PL: | koβbojkə̑št | ə̑št koβbojko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkenam | koβbojken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβbojkenat | koβbojken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβbojken | koβbojken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβbojkenna | koβbojken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβbojkenda | koβbojken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβbojkenə̑t | koβbojken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkem ə̑l'e | om koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβbojket ə̑l'e | ot koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβbojka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβbojkena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβbojkeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβbojkat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβbojko ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkem ulmaš | om koβbojko ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβbojket ulmaš | ot koβbojko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβbojka ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβbojko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβbojkena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβbojko ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβbojkeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβbojko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβbojkat ulmaš | ogə̑t koβbojko ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkenam ə̑l'e | koβbojken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβbojkenat ə̑l'e | koβbojken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβbojken ə̑l'e | koβbojken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβbojkenna ə̑l'e | koβbojken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβbojkenda ə̑l'e | koβbojken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβbojken ə̑l'e | koβbojken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkenam ulmaš | koβbojken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβbojkenat ulmaš | koβbojken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβbojken ulmaš | koβbojken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβbojkenna ulmaš | koβbojken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβbojkenda ulmaš | koβbojken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβbojken ulmaš | koβbojken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβbojko | it koβbojko |
| 3SG: | koβbojkə̑žo | ə̑nže koβbojko |
| 1PL: | (koβbojkena) | (ona/ogə̑na koβbojko) |
| 2PL: | koβbojkə̑za | ida koβbojko |
| 3PL: | koβbojkə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβbojko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkə̑nem | ə̑nem koβbojko |
| 2SG: | koβbojkə̑net | ə̑net koβbojko |
| 3SG: | koβbojkə̑neže | ə̑než koβbojko |
| 1PL: | koβbojkə̑nena | ə̑nena koβbojko |
| 2PL: | koβbojkə̑neda | ə̑neda koβbojko |
| 3PL: | koβbojkə̑nešt | ə̑nešt koβbojko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβbojkə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβbojkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβbojkə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβbojkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβbojkə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβbojko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβbojkə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβbojko ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβbojkə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net koβbojko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβbojkə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než koβbojko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβbojkə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβbojko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβbojkə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβbojko ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβbojkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβbojkə̑man |
| Active participle: | koβbojkə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | koβbojkə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβbojkə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | koβbojkə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβbojken |
| Negative gerund: | koβbojkə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβbojkə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβbojkə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβbojkə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβbojkə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβbojkə̑də̑maš |
