Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'am | om koβə̑l' |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'at | ot koβə̑l' |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'eš | ok/ogeš koβə̑l' |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑l' |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑l' |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑t | ogə̑t koβə̑l' |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑m | šə̑m koβə̑l' |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβə̑l' |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'o | ə̑š koβə̑l' |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'na | ə̑šna koβə̑l' |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'da | ə̑šda koβə̑l' |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑č́ | ə̑št koβə̑l' |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nam | koβə̑l'ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nat | koβə̑l'ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑n | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nna | koβə̑l'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nda | koβə̑l'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nə̑t | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'am ə̑l'e | om koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'at ə̑l'e | ot koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'eš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'am ulmaš | om koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'at ulmaš | ot koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'eš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koβə̑l' ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nam ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nat ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑n ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nna ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nda ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nam ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑nat ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'ə̑n ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nna ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nda ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koβə̑l'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l' | it koβə̑l' |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'žo | ə̑nže koβə̑l' |
| 1PL: | (koβə̑l'ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koβə̑l') |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'za | ida koβə̑l' |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'ə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβə̑l' |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'nem | ə̑nem koβə̑l' |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'net | ə̑net koβə̑l' |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'neže | ə̑než koβə̑l' |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'nena | ə̑nena koβə̑l' |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'neda | ə̑neda koβə̑l' |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'nešt | ə̑nešt koβə̑l' |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑l'nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑l'nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβə̑l' ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑l'net ulmaš | ə̑net koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑l'neže ulmaš | ə̑než koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβə̑l'neda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβə̑l' ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑l'nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβə̑l' ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβə̑l'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβə̑l'man |
| Active participle: | koβə̑l'šo |
| Passive participle: | koβə̑l'mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβə̑l'šaš |
| Negative participle: | koβə̑l'də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβə̑l'ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | koβə̑l'de |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβə̑l'mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβə̑l'meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβə̑l'šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβə̑l'maš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβə̑l'də̑maš |
