Paradigm Generator
Тиде материал нерген кызыт англичан йылме дене веле лудаш лиеш. Марий ден руш версий ямдылалтеш да вашке савыкталтшаш.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluam | om kopkalu |
| 2SG: | kopkaluat | ot kopkalu |
| 3SG: | kopkalueš | ok/ogeš kopkalu |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kopkalu |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kopkalu |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑t | ogə̑t kopkalu |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluə̑m | šə̑m kopkalu |
| 2SG: | kopkaluə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kopkalu |
| 3SG: | kopkaluo | ə̑š kopkalu |
| 1PL: | kopkaluna | ə̑šna kopkalu |
| 2PL: | kopkaluda | ə̑šda kopkalu |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑č́ | ə̑št kopkalu |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluə̑nam | kopkaluə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kopkaluə̑nat | kopkaluə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kopkaluə̑n | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑nna | kopkaluə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑nda | kopkaluə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑nə̑t | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluam ə̑l'e | om kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopkaluat ə̑l'e | ot kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopkalueš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kopkalu ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluam ulmaš | om kopkalu ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopkaluat ulmaš | ot kopkalu ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopkalueš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kopkalu ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kopkalu ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kopkalu ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kopkalu ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluə̑nam ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopkaluə̑nat ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopkaluə̑n ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑nna ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑nda ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkaluə̑nam ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopkaluə̑nat ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopkaluə̑n ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopkaluə̑nna ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopkaluə̑nda ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopkaluə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kopkaluə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopkalu | it kopkalu |
| 3SG: | kopkalužo | ə̑nže kopkalu |
| 1PL: | (kopkaluə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kopkalu) |
| 2PL: | kopkaluza | ida kopkalu |
| 3PL: | kopkalušt | ə̑nə̑št kopkalu |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkalunem | ə̑nem kopkalu |
| 2SG: | kopkalunet | ə̑net kopkalu |
| 3SG: | kopkaluneže | ə̑než kopkalu |
| 1PL: | kopkalunena | ə̑nena kopkalu |
| 2PL: | kopkaluneda | ə̑neda kopkalu |
| 3PL: | kopkalunešt | ə̑nešt kopkalu |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kopkalunem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopkalunena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopkaluneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopkalunena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopkaluneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kopkalu ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopkalunešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kopkalu ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopkalunet ulmaš | ə̑net kopkalu ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopkaluneže ulmaš | ə̑než kopkalu ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kopkaluneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kopkalu ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopkalunešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kopkalu ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kopkaluaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kopkaluman |
| Active participle: | kopkalušo |
| Passive participle: | kopkalumo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kopkalušaš |
| Negative participle: | kopkaludə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kopkaluə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kopkalude |
| Gerund of prior action: | kopkalumek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kopkalumeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kopkalušə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kopkalumaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kopkaludə̑maš |
